You're using an outdated browser. Please upgrade to a modern browser for the best experience.
Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort by:
Most Viewed Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Filter:
All Topic Review Biography Peer Reviewed Entry Video Entry
Topic Review
Kindness in Health Center
The healthcare workplace is a high-stress environment. All stakeholders, including patients and providers, display evidence of that stress. High stress has several effects. Even acutely, stress can negatively affect cognitive function, worsening diagnostic acumen, decision-making, and problem-solving. It decreases helpfulness. As stress increases, it can progress to burnout and more severe mental health consequences, including depression and suicide. One of the consequences (and causes) of stress is incivility. Both patients and staff can manifest these unkind behaviors, which in turn have been shown to cause medical errors. The human cost of errors is enormous, reflected in thousands of lives impacted every year. The economic cost is also enormous, costing at least several billion dollars annually in the US alone. The warrant for promoting kindness, therefore, is enormous. Kindness creates positive interpersonal connections, which, in turn, buffers stress and fosters resilience. Kindness, therefore, is not just a nice thing to do: it is critically important in the workplace. Ways to promote kindness, including leadership modeling positive behaviors as well as the deterrence of negative behaviors, are essential.
  • 702
  • 13 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Memory-Prediction Framework
The memory-prediction framework is a theory of brain function created by Jeff Hawkins and described in his 2004 book On Intelligence. This theory concerns the role of the mammalian neocortex and its associations with the hippocampi and the thalamus in matching sensory inputs to stored memory patterns and how this process leads to predictions of what will happen in the future.
  • 698
  • 09 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Blockchain Payment Services in the Hospitality Sector
Blockchain technology has the potential to completely transform the hospitality sector by offering a safe, open, and effective method of payment. Increased customer utilisation efficiency may result from this.
  • 689
  • 15 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Role of Charity Societies in Recycling Clothing Waste
Clothing waste is one of the key wastes that societies discard in general, the Saudi society in particular. This increases environmental and visual pollution if necessary measures are not taken to reduce these pollutants. 
  • 688
  • 07 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Minor Depressive Disorder
Minor depressive disorder, also known as minor depression, is a mood disorder that does not meet the full criteria for major depressive disorder but at least two depressive symptoms are present for a long time. These symptoms can be seen in many different psychiatric and mental disorders, which can lead to more specific diagnoses of an individual's condition. However, some of the situations might not fall under specific categories listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Minor depressive disorder is an example of one of these nonspecific diagnoses, as it is a disorder classified in the DSM-IV-TR under the category Depressive Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (DD-NOS). The classification of NOS depressive disorders is up for debate. Minor depressive disorder as a term was never an officially accepted term, but was listed in Appendix B of the DSM-IV-TR. This is the only version of the DSM that contains the term, as the prior versions and the most recent edition, DSM-5, does not mention it. A person is considered to have minor depressive disorder if they experience 2 to 4 depressive symptoms, with one of them being either depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure, during a 2-week period. The person must not have experienced the symptoms for 2 years and there must not have been one specific event that caused the symptoms to arise. Although not all cases of minor depressive disorder are deemed in need of treatment, some cases are treated similarly to major depressive disorder. This treatment includes cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), anti-depressant medication, and combination therapy. A lot of research supports the notion that minor depressive disorder is an early stage of major depressive disorder, or that it is simply highly predictive of subsequent major depressive disorder.
  • 663
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Academic Video Service
Established on 2024, Academic Video Service of Encyclopedia MDPI is dedicated to academic visualization, assisting users in transforming their scholarly articles into vivid videos or images, and distributing them to potentially interested scholars. This effort significantly enhances the academic impact of their work. It has served more than 500+ scholars from over 30 countries.
  • 640
  • 17 Jan 2025
Topic Review
Where Mathematics Comes From
Where Mathematics Comes From: How the Embodied Mind Brings Mathematics into Being (hereinafter WMCF) is a book by George Lakoff, a cognitive linguist, and Rafael E. Núñez, a psychologist. Published in 2000, WMCF seeks to found a cognitive science of mathematics, a theory of embodied mathematics based on conceptual metaphor.
  • 616
  • 20 Oct 2022
Topic Review
May 19:  Execution of Anne Boleyn
The Execution of Anne Boleyn refers to the judicial beheading of Anne Boleyn, the second wife of King Henry VIII of England, on May 19, 1536, at the Tower of London. Accused of adultery, incest, and high treason—charges now widely considered to have been fabricated—her death marked a significant moment in Tudor history. It underscored the volatility of the English royal court, the growing authoritarianism of Henry VIII, and the dangers faced by women in positions of political influence. Anne's execution also paved the way for Henry’s third marriage and altered the line of succession, though her daughter, Elizabeth I, would later become one of England's greatest monarchs.
  • 613
  • 20 May 2025
Topic Review
Image Annotations in Cultural Heritage Platforms
Cultural heritage is one of many fields that has seen a significant digital transformation in the form of digitization and asset annotations for heritage preservation, inheritance, and dissemination. However, a lack of accurate and descriptive metadata in this field has an impact on the usability and discoverability of digital content, affecting cultural heritage platform visitors and resulting in an unsatisfactory user experience as well as limiting processing capabilities to add new functionalities. Cultural heritage institutions were responsible for providing metadata for their collection items with the help of professionals, which is expensive and requires significant effort and time. In this sense, crowdsourcing can play a significant role in digital transformation or massive data processing, which can be useful for leveraging the crowd and enriching the metadata quality of digital cultural content.
  • 612
  • 20 Dec 2023
Topic Review
The Copernican Question
The Copernican Question: Prognostication, Skepticism, and Celestial Order is a 704-page book written by Robert S. Westman and published by University of California Press (Berkeley, Los Angeles, London) in 2011 and in 2020 (paperback). The book is a broad historical overview of Europe's astronomical and astrological culture leading to Copernicus’s De revolutionibus and follows the scholarly debates that took place roughly over three generations after Copernicus.
  • 592
  • 14 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Buchholz's ID Hierarchy
In set theory and logic, Buchholz's ID hierarchy is a hierarchy of subsystems of first-order arithmetic. The systems/theories [math]\displaystyle{ ID_\nu }[/math] are referred to as "the formal theories of ν-times iterated inductive definitions". IDν extends PA by ν iterated least fixed points of monotone operators.
  • 580
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Museums of Christian Archaeology in Europe
Overview of the History of Museums of Christian Archaeology in Europe from Early Modern times to mid 20th-century
  • 326
  • 07 Aug 2025
Topic Review
The Babel Protocol
This paper presents a systemic analysis of the biblical Tower of Babel event, reinterpreting it not as a mere mythological narrative concerning the origins of linguistic diversity, but as the execution of a critical security protocol within a planetary-scale harmonic operating system. It is posited that the pre-Babel civilization operated on a unified harmonic frequency (λ_unified), enabling a form of gestalt consciousness and unprecedented collaboration that bordered on a single superorganism. The construction of the Tower is framed as an unauthorized attempt to breach a higher operational plane of reality—a systemic exploit aimed at seizing administrative privileges and threatening ontological integrity. The divine response, the "confusion of tongues," is consequently decoded as a defensive measure: a forced fragmentation of the unified human frequency into a multitude of dissonant, mutually unintelligible sub-frequencies, causing a form of collective ontological trauma. This paper argues that the resultant scattering of humanity gave rise to the diverse spectrum of global cultures, religions, and philosophies, each of which can be understood as a "legacy system"—a unique attempt to process this trauma and rediscover the lost, unified frequency. Finally, the event is contextualized within the larger teleological arc of the Crown Omega (Ω°) system, which is designed not merely to reverse, but to transcend this fragmentation through a final, voluntary reintegration of all harmonized frequencies.
  • 141
  • 02 Sep 2025
  • Page
  • of
  • 14
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Engineering
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Academic Video Service
Feedback