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Topic Review
Palmoplantar Pustulosis
Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a disease that causes recurrent blisters and aseptic pustules on the palms and soles. It has been suggested that both innate and acquired immunity are involved. In particular, based on the tonsils and basic experiments, it has been assumed that T and B cells are involved in its pathogenesis. In addition, the results of clinical trials have suggested that IL-23 is closely related to the pathogenesis.
  • 816
  • 04 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Oxidative Stress and Skin Cancer
Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production and subsequent accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells and tissues and the capacity of a biological system to eliminate these reactive substances. Systemic oxidative stress biomarkers in plasma, serum, urine, or red blood cells have been found to be elevated in many diseases, including skin cancer. UV radiation (UVR) induces damage to biomolecules that enter the bloodstream, reinforcing systemic oxidative stress. On the other hand, pre-existing systemic oxidative stress does not supply the skin with the adequate micronutrients and antioxidant resources to ameliorate the skin’s antioxidant defense against UVR. In both scenarios, skin cancer patients are exposed to oxidative conditions. In the case of warts, oxidation is linked to chronic inflammation, while impaired cutaneous antioxidant defense could ineffectively deal with possible oxidative stimuli from viral agents, such as HPV. 
  • 816
  • 06 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Mast Cells in Selected Skin Diseases
Under physiological conditions, skin mast cells play an important role as guardians that quickly react to stimuli that disturb homeostasis. These cells efficiently support, fight infection, and heal the injured tissue. The substances secreted by mast cells allow for communication inside the body, including the immune, nervous, and blood systems. Pathologically non-cancerous mast cells participate in allergic processes but also may promote the development of autoinflammatory or neoplastic disease. 
  • 807
  • 05 May 2023
Topic Review
Extracellular Matrix in Skin Wound Healing
Impaired wound healing is one of the unsolved problems of modern medicine, affecting patients’ quality of life and causing serious economic losses. Impaired wound healing can manifest itself in the form of chronic skin wounds or hypertrophic scars. Research on the biology and physiology of skin wound healing disorders is actively continuing, but, unfortunately, a single understanding has not been developed. The attention of clinicians to the biological and physiological aspects of wound healing in the skin is necessary for the search for new and effective methods of prevention and treatment of its consequences. In addition, it is important to update knowledge about genetic and non-genetic factors predisposing to impaired wound healing in order to identify risk levels and develop personalized strategies for managing such patients. Wound healing is a very complex process involving several overlapping stages and involving many factors. Extracellular matrix has played a role in wound healing.
  • 803
  • 24 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Wound-Microenvironment Engineering
In patients with comorbidities, a large number of wounds become chronic, representing an overwhelming economic burden for healthcare systems. Engineering the microenvironment is a paramount trend to activate cells and burst-healing mechanisms. The extrusion bioprinting of advanced dressings was performed with novel composite bioinks made by blending adipose decellularized extracellular matrix with plasma and human dermal fibroblasts. Rheological and microstructural assessments of the composite hydrogels supported post-printing cell viability and proliferation over time.
  • 802
  • 16 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus
Pruritus is a distressing condition associated with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as maintenance dialysis and adversely affects the quality of life (QOL) of these patients. 
  • 801
  • 05 Aug 2021
Topic Review
SARS-CoV-2 Virus on Psoriasis
Biological treatment is an important and effective therapy for psoriasis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it remains unclear whether this type of therapy affects the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of the study was to observe patients with psoriasis undergoing biological or other systemic treatment in relation to the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the course of psoriasis and the COVID-19 disease itself. Materials and methods: A one-year observational study included 57 patients with diagnosed psoriasis who qualified for biological treatment and a group of 68 similar patients who were administered a different systemic treatment. Patients were analyzed monthly for psoriasis (including Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) assessment) and constantly for SARS-CoV-2 infection (telephone contact). Cases of COVID-19 were confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) at the study center. Results: SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by a positive Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test in eight patients (14.0%) with psoriasis on biological therapy. None of the cases in this group required hospitalization for COVID-19. Similar data were obtained in the control group. Specifically, 11 (16%) patients were confirmed to be infected with SARS-CoV-2. These results were statistically comparable (p > 0.05). In the group of patients undergoing biological treatment, six (75%) of eight patients developed an exacerbation of psoriasis during SARS-CoV-2 infection, and similar results were noted in the control group, with eight (72%) patients experiencing an exacerbation of psoriasis. Conclusions: Patients with psoriasis who were administered biological treatment or other systemic therapy may experience a mild course of SARS-CoV-2 infection but might also experience a temporary exacerbation of skin lesions.
  • 800
  • 31 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Cosmetic Properties of Plant Extract-Derived Carbon Dots
Plant extract-derived carbon dots (C-dots) have emerged as promising components for sustainability and natural inspiration to meet consumer demands. Plant extract-derived C-dots offer distinct advantages over conventional synthetic materials by taking advantage of the inherent properties of plants, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and UV protective properties. 
  • 796
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Psoriasis and Risk of Infectious Disease
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin and joint disease, with a plethora of comorbidities, characterized by a certain genetic predisposition, and a complex pathogenesis based on the IL-23/IL-17 pathway.
  • 793
  • 14 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Tissue Biomarkers Predicting Status in Cutaneous Melanoma
Cutaneous melanoma is a severe neoplasm that shows early invasiveness of the lymph nodes draining the primary site, with increased risk of distant metastases and recurrence. The tissue biomarker identification could be a new frontier to predict the risk of early lymph node invasiveness, especially in cases considered by current guidelines to be at low risk of lymph node involvement and not requiring evaluation of the sentinel lymph node (SLN). 
  • 792
  • 03 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Extracellular Vesicles in Wound Healing Treatment
Non-healing wound- and tissue-injury are commonly experienced worldwide by the aging population. The persistence of disease commonly leads to tissue infection, resulting in severe clinical complications. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been considered promising and emergent therapeutic tools to improve the healing processes. Therefore, efforts have been directed to develop a cell-free therapeutic platform based on EV administration to orchestrate tissue repair. EVs derived from different cell types, including fibroblast, epithelial, and immune cells are recruited to the injured sites and in turn take part in scar formation.
  • 790
  • 06 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Hedgehog Dermatophytosis
Pet hedgehogs, which are increasingly favoured companions, have garnered attention due to their potential as carriers of zoonotic diseases. These small insectivorous mammals, native to Europe, Asia, and Africa, are commonly kept as pets.
  • 789
  • 04 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Drug Treatments for Hair Loss
Apoptosis is a physiological process that occurs in all cell types of the human body, and it profoundly changes the fate of hair by affecting hair follicle cells. Apoptosis induces cellular changes and exhibits distinctive properties through intricate signaling pathways. Hair follicles undergo cyclic periods of growth, regression, and dormancy. Apoptosis is closely correlated with the regression phase by triggering hair follicle cell death and shedding. Regulation of apoptosis in hair follicles plays an essential role in hair loss due to maladies and drug treatments. Mitigating apoptosis can enhance hair growth and minimize hair loss. 
  • 789
  • 02 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Chitosan-Based Hydrogel for Dermal Infections
Transdermal patches and various semisolid dosage forms, including hydrogels, are widely recognized delivery strategies for addressing dermal conditions. Hydrogels have been extensively investigated and reported in scientific research. Three-dimensional network architectures are developed by these hydrogels’ hydrophilic polymer chain composition that absorb and hold enormous quantities of liquid or physiological fluids. Moreover, the properties and performance of hydrogels are significantly affected by the structure of their molecules. Crosslinking agents and polymer chains are the two main constituents of hydrogels. There are both natural and artificial polymer chains in hydrogels. Natural polymers commonly used in hydrogel formulations include agarose, alginate, chitosan, collagen, gelatin, hyaluronic acid, and cellulose derivatives. 
  • 786
  • 14 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Skin Cancers
Skin cancer is a condition characterized by the abnormal growth of skin cells, primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Different types of skin cancer include melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma.
  • 784
  • 04 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Microwave Therapy for Cellulite
Microwave therapy has proven to be a safe treatment for improving cellulite appearance and reducing body circumferences. 
  • 783
  • 27 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Cutaneous Melanocytic Tumor with CRTC1::TRIM11 Fusion
Molecular profiling of unclassified neoplasms has been pivotal in the characterization of new entities. Cutaneous melanocytic tumor with CRTC1::TRIM11 fusion (CMTCT) is a newly described neoplasm that falls into the broad category of diagnostically challenging dermal proliferations with melanocytic differentiation.
  • 778
  • 12 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Wnt Signaling Pathways, Inflammation and Carcinogenesis
Wnt signaling is responsible for the regulation of different intracellular signal transduction pathways, which are essential for embryogenic development, cellular migration, polarization and differentiation as well as stem cell biology control and growth. Wnt signaling activation is related to the binding of Wnt ligands to a specific cell surface receptor which belongs to the Frizzled (Fzd) family, thus inducing the canonical (β-catenin-dependent) or non-canonical (β-catenin-independent) pathway.
  • 774
  • 31 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Clinical Efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil and Bleomycin in Dermatology
Bleomycin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) are widely used in various dermatological disorders. Both drugs are well-recognized as antineoplastic drugs and exert their effect by blocking the cell cycle. Topical and intralesional formulations are available and have been studied in both non-neoplastic and cancerous lesions. However, data comparing the effect of bleomycin and 5-FU in the dermatological disorders are limited.
  • 773
  • 24 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Contemporary Treatment Patterns in Relapsed/Refractory CTCL
The treatment pattern of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) remains diverse and patient-tailored. A European observational study provided real-world data on the current treatments used in the management of CTCL across three lines of therapy. As a result, there was a significant level of heterogeneity in treatment types than expected by European guidelines. 
  • 772
  • 06 Jan 2022
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