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Köhler, J. Metal Nanoparticles as Free-Floating Electrodes. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/11969 (accessed on 21 September 2026).
Köhler J. Metal Nanoparticles as Free-Floating Electrodes. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/11969. Accessed September 21, 2026.
Köhler, Johann. "Metal Nanoparticles as Free-Floating Electrodes" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/11969 (accessed September 21, 2026).
Köhler, J. (2021, July 12). Metal Nanoparticles as Free-Floating Electrodes. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/11969
Köhler, Johann. "Metal Nanoparticles as Free-Floating Electrodes." Encyclopedia. Web. 12 July, 2021.
Peer Reviewed
Metal Nanoparticles as Free-Floating Electrodes
This is a peer-reviewed entry published in Encyclopedia Journal, full entry can be found at 10.3390/encyclopedia1030046

Colloidal metal nanoparticles in an electrolyte environment are not only electrically charged but also electrochemically active objects. They have the typical character of metal electrodes with ongoing charge transfer processes on the metal/liquid interface. This picture is valid for the equilibrium state and also during the formation, growth, aggregation or dissolution of nanoparticles. This behavior can be understood in analogy to macroscopic mixed-electrode systems with a free-floating potential, which is determined by the competition between anodic and cathodic partial processes. In contrast to macroscopic electrodes, the small size of nanoparticles is responsible for significant effects of low numbers of elementary charges and for self-polarization effects as they are known from molecular systems, for example. The electrical properties of nanoparticles can be estimated by basic electrochemical equations. Reconsidering these fundamentals, the assembly behavior, the formation of nonspherical assemblies of nanoparticles and the growth and the corrosion behavior of metal nanoparticles, as well as the formation of core/shell particles, branched structures and particle networks, can be understood. The consequences of electrochemical behavior, charging and self-polarization for particle growth, shape formation and particle/particle interaction are discussed.

nanoparticles colloidal solutions electrical charging self-polarization mixed-electrode particle growth particle interaction

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Subjects: Engineering, Mechanical
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Reprint: Encyclopedia of Engineering
Online Date: 12 Jul 2021
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