The Prevalence of Low Energy Availability in Cross-Country Skiers
Playlist
  • energy expenditure
  • energy intake
  • energy availability
  • fats and carbohydrates contribution
  • cross-country skiers
Chapter
00:11
Introduction
01:25
Methods
02:04
Results
02:36
Discussion
03:20
Conclusions
Video Introduction

This video is adapted from 10.3390/nu16142279

Background and Objectives: A sustained mismatch between energy intake (EI) and exercise energy expenditure (EEE) can lead to Low Energy Availability (LEA), as well as health and performance impairments characteristic of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S). Research in females has identified specific LEA cut-points for the risks of developing physiological and performance disturbances. Cut-points in males have yet to be evaluated; therefore, this study examined the prevalence of LEA in highly trained male cross-country skiers. The key purpose of this research was to analyze EI, resting energy expenditure (REE), EEE, and energy availability (EA) in highly trained cross-country skiers during the preparation and competition periods. The secondary objective of our study was to evaluate the relative contribution of fats and carbohydrates to EI, REE, and EEE. Materials and Methods: EI was determined by an estimated 24 h diet recall method, REE was assessed by indirect calorimetry, and EEE was estimated from heart rate in 27 cross-country skiers. Results: EI amounted to 4050 ± 797 kcal/day on a typical training day (TD) and 5986 ± 924 kcal/day (p < 0.001) on a typical competition day (CD). REE on TDs (2111 ± 294 kcal/day or 30 ± 6 kcal/day/kg) was higher (p < 0.05) than on CDs (1891 ± 504 kcal/day or 27 ± 7 kcal/day/kg). The EA in the athletes was <15 kcal∙kg FFM–1·d–1 on TDs and <65 kcal∙kg FFM–1·d–1 on CDs. EI was not optimal, as indicated by low EA throughout TDs (June). This could be associated with insufficient EI along with a high amount of EEE (3690.7 ± 485.2 kcal/day). During the transition from TD to CD, an increase in the contribution of fats to EI and EEE was observed in cross-country skiers. Conclusion: The conception of LEA and REDs and their potential implication for performance is underestimated among coaches and athletes. The importance of appropriate dietary strategies is essential to ensure that enough calories are consumed to support efficient training.
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Bushmanova, E.; Lyudinina, A.Y.; Bojko, E.R. The Prevalence of Low Energy Availability in Cross-Country Skiers. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/video/video_detail/1399 (accessed on 07 December 2024).
Bushmanova E, Lyudinina AY, Bojko ER. The Prevalence of Low Energy Availability in Cross-Country Skiers. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/video/video_detail/1399. Accessed December 07, 2024.
Bushmanova, Ekaterina, Aleksandra Y. Lyudinina, Evgeny R. Bojko. "The Prevalence of Low Energy Availability in Cross-Country Skiers" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/video/video_detail/1399 (accessed December 07, 2024).
Bushmanova, E., Lyudinina, A.Y., & Bojko, E.R. (2024, October 25). The Prevalence of Low Energy Availability in Cross-Country Skiers. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/video/video_detail/1399
Bushmanova, Ekaterina, et al. "The Prevalence of Low Energy Availability in Cross-Country Skiers." Encyclopedia. Web. 25 October, 2024.
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