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Topic Review
Deep Learning Approaches for Wildfires Using Satellite Data
Wildland fires are one of the most dangerous natural risks, causing significant economic damage and loss of lives worldwide. Every year, millions of hectares are lost, and experts warn that the frequency and severity of wildfires will increase in the coming years due to climate change. To mitigate these hazards, numerous deep learning models were developed to detect and map wildland fires, estimate their severity, and predict their spread. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of recent deep learning techniques for detecting, mapping, and predicting wildland fires using satellite remote sensing data. We begin by introducing remote sensing satellite systems and their use in wildfire monitoring. Next, we review the deep learning methods employed for these tasks, including fire detection and mapping, severity estimation, and spread prediction. We further present the popular datasets used in these studies. Finally, we address the challenges faced by these models to accurately predict wildfire behaviors, and suggest future directions for developing reliable and robust wildland fire models.
  • 531
  • 24 May 2023
Topic Review
Spectral Estimation of Multidimensional Signals
Power spectral estimation forms the basis for distinguishing and tracking signals in the presence of noise and extracting information from available data. One dimensional signals are expressed in terms of a single domain while multidimensional signals are represented in wave vector and frequency spectrum. Therefore, spectral estimation in the case of multidimensional signals gets a bit tricky.
  • 530
  • 14 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Hydrus
Hydrus is a suite of Windows-based modeling software that can be used for analysis of water flow, heat and solute transport in variably saturated porous media (e.g., soils). HYDRUS suite of software is supported by an interactive graphics-based interface for data-preprocessing, discretization of the soil profile, and graphic presentation of the results. While HYDRUS-1D simulates water flow, solute and heat transport in one-dimension, and is a public domain software, HYDRUS 2D/3D extends the simulation capabilities to the second and third dimensions, and is distributed commercially.
  • 530
  • 19 Oct 2022
Topic Review
WebUSB
WebUSB is a JavaScript application programming interface (API) specification for securely providing access to USB devices from web pages. It was published by the Web Platform Incubator Community Group. As of July 2021, it is in Draft Community status, and is supported by Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, QQ, Opera, and Samsung Internet.
  • 530
  • 30 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Security of the Internet of Things
Due to the widespread use of the Internet of Things (IoT), organizations should concentrate their efforts on system security. Any vulnerability could lead to a system failure or cyberattack, which would have a large-scale impact. With billions of interconnected devices, ensuring robust security measures is crucial to safeguard sensitive data, protect user privacy, and mitigate potential cyber threats. Failure to prioritize IoT security could have far-reaching consequences, jeopardizing individuals, organizations, and even critical infrastructure. IoT security is a protection strategy and defense mechanism that protects against the possibility of cyberattacks that specifically target physically linked IoT devices. IoT security teams are currently dealing with growing difficulties, such as inventories, operations, diversity, ownership, data volume, threats, etc.
  • 530
  • 16 May 2023
Topic Review
Ant Colony Optimization
Ant colony optimization (ACO) is a well-known class of swarm intelligence algorithms suitable for solving many NP-hard problems. An important component of such algorithms is a record of pheromone trails that reflect colonies’ experiences with previously constructed solutions of the problem instance that is being solved. By using pheromones, the algorithm builds a probabilistic model that is exploited for constructing new and, hopefully, better solutions.
  • 530
  • 25 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Transformation of Business Process Manager Profession
The increasing role of emerging technologies, such as big data, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence (AI), cognitive technologies, cloud computing, and mobile technologies, is essential to the business process manager profession’s sustainable development.  Nevertheless, these technologies could involve new challenges in labor markets.
  • 529
  • 11 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Urban Digitization Governance in Birth Registration Field
Digitization governance is one of the most significant current discussions in the urban governance field. Especially, with the spreading of Blockchain Technology (BCT), researchers have shown an increased interest in the application of the technology in solving birth registration challenges as a digital infrastructure in developing countries.
  • 529
  • 17 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Fictional Actuaries
Fictional actuaries and the appearance of actuaries in works of fiction have been the subject of a number of articles in actuarial journals.
  • 529
  • 26 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Open Source in Kosovo
The first project in open source in Kosovo was the adjustment of Open Office Packet in December 2003. On 28 July 2004 the Albanian team, users of Linux (GGSL), was one of the first public organizations for the purpose of getting information about the field of open source. This conference was called "Software Freedom Day". Software Freedom Day is known as the first initiative about FOSS in Kosovo in the level of conference. The purpose of that conference was to promote the free and open software. Some of the issues that were discussed were about Linux, what is free software and open sources in general. Another issue that was discussed in that conference was about the operative system Linux and its benefits. KDE and GNOME were the last issues that were discussed in conference. Ati-Kos has made some surveys in five municipal assemblies of Kosovo in May 2005. According to this survey about 98.6% wanted software box in mother tongue, in Albanian. In another survey, the majority of the participants believed that a software box like Open Office would help in increasing the productivity in different fields because of the interface in Albanian.
  • 529
  • 15 Nov 2022
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