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Topic Review
Innovation Capacity in Developing Countries
Innovation is an intrinsic capacity of humankind, enabling the adaptation to changes and managing probable solutions to problems regarding its welfare or its surroundings. It constitutes a key driver of sustainable growth. Moreover, innovation capacity is among the dynamic capacities leading to achieving a competitive and sustainable advantage. Hence, by adopting innovative and R&D practices, a country might enhance its growth and competitiveness, particularly for a developing country. In addition, it encompasses diverse perspectives, e.g., organizational capacity, public capacity, regional capacity, national capacity, among others. Therefore, many public and private organizations have focused their efforts on identifying and quantifying the variables that determine the innovation capacity of a country. Various mechanisms have been proposed to assess this capacity, such as the national innovation capacity, Global Innovation Index (GII), Global Competitive Index (GCI) , or European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS). These mechanisms aim at providing an objective measurement of the performance of a country regarding innovation capacity or innovation as a means to competitiveness. Each one of these presents a particular set of determinants, methods, and interpretations to assess innovation.
  • 929
  • 05 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Implementing Industry 4.0 Principles and Tools in SME
Small and medium enterprises (SME) face various challenges in order to remain competitive in a global market. Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is increasingly presented as the new paradigm for improving productivity, ensuring economic growth, and guaranteeing the sustainability of manufacturing companies. I4.0 refers to the integration of information technologies (internet of things, cyber–physical systems, cloud computing, AI, etc.) and automation (robots, cobots, automated guided vehicles, etc.) in every sphere of a company, vertically and horizontally, to improve performance. However, SMEs are ill equipped and lack resources to undertake this digital shift. 
  • 1.2K
  • 05 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Updated Principles of Sustainable Engineering
Sustainable engineering refers to the integration of social, environmental, and economic considerations into product, process, and energy system design methods. Additionally, sustainable engineering encourages the consideration of the complete product and process lifecycle during the design effort. 
  • 8.3K
  • 24 Jun 2022
Topic Review
State-of-the-Art of the Wire Harness Assembly Process
The wire harness assembly process is a complicated manufacturing activity, which is becoming more complex because of the evolving nature of mechatronic and electronic products that require more connectors, sensors, controllers, communication networking, etc.
  • 1.7K
  • 21 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Preferences regarding Organ Allocation
Allocating organs is a societal undertaking, as preferring a particular patient always implies deselecting others who may not be eligible for future organ transplants. The priority-setting and decision-making depend on various stakeholders, including the general public (who are the potential organ suppliers who influence the availability of organs for transplantation), medical professionals (who are responsible for patient care), and the patients (who will receive the new organs) 
  • 329
  • 21 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Waste-to-Energy Technologies for Slum/Informal Settlements in Nigeria
Slum/informal settlements are an integral part of a city, with a population projected to reach 3 billion by 2030. It is also expected that the rate of waste generation will more than triple by 2050 in the cities of low-income countries of sub-Saharan Africa. At this rate, the risk to the environment and health of inhabitants are enormous, because the current waste management practices are not guided by legislation on proper use and disposal.
  • 764
  • 21 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Conceptual Modelling in Operational Simulation of Logistics
Logistics problems involve a large number of complexities, which makes the development of models challenging. While computer simulation models are developed for addressing complexities, it is essential to ensure that the necessary operational behaviours are captured, and that the architecture of the model is suitable to represent them. The early stage of simulation modelling, known as conceptual modelling (CM), is thus dependent on successfully extracting tacit operational knowledge and avoiding misunderstanding between the client (customer of the model) and simulation analyst.
  • 593
  • 21 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Lean Transformation and Implementation
The application of Lean Manufacturing (LM) in both the service and manufacturing industries has demonstrated improvements in organizational performance. Other benefits obtained from LM implementation include improved flexibility, profitability, and efficiency; continuous improvement in processes; reduced production costs; improved customer satisfaction; enhanced just-in-time production (JIT); ergonomic improvements for employees; and increased product reliability. This success implies that Lean is universal and is not a fad that will pass away. Furthermore, recent research shows that LM is a base upon which new technologies such as Industry 4.0 can be built.
  • 500
  • 10 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Measuring Process Innovation Performance at State-Owned Companies
Several state-owned companies (SOEs) have successfully implemented process innovation. Human resources and organizational factors, such as leadership, problem understanding, strategy, and culture, affected the success of process innovation in SOEs, even more than the research and development budget, support, and commitment factor of a given company. Meanwhile, cost efficiency was the main factor driving a company’s motivation to implement process innovation. The success factors in implementing process innovation are an essential consideration for the management of other SOEs eager to improve their company’s innovation performance, especially process innovation. Success factors were carried out comprehensively for all implementation indicators of process innovation, including inputs, process (idea generation, idea selection, and idea implementation), outputs and outcomes, diffusion, culture, strategies, and push and pull factors. 
  • 293
  • 06 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Exploring Lean HRM Practices in the Aerospace Industry
Lean management is an approach that allows companies to reduce costs and improve quality to achieve significant growth. As such, myriad organizations across many different sectors are deploying resources and effort to implement Lean management principles. However, the adoption of Lean within a company is not straightforward because it is not just a set of tools to be used, but rather a process that requires the active participation and commitment of all the members of the organization, with special emphasis on the employees, as they are the ones doing the actual implementation work. Lean places people at its core, acknowledging their contribution to the company’s growth and the fundamental role human resources management (HRM) practices play in the success and sustainability of Lean transformations. However, the relationship between HRM practices and Lean remains largely unexplored in the literature. 
  • 647
  • 02 Jun 2022
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