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Topic Review
Application of Genetic-Probe-Modified Cantilever
When the free end of a microcantilever is modified by a genetic probe, this sensor can be used for a wider range of applications, such as for chemical analysis, biological testing, pharmaceutical screening, and environmental monitoring. Genetic-probe-modified microcantilevers have achieved fruitful applications in the fields such as DNA, RNA, viruses, bacteria, proteins, and trace ions.
  • 408
  • 27 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor  Targeting and Nanosystems
Advances in nanomedicine bring the attention of researchers to the molecular targets that can play a major role in the development of novel therapeutic and diagnostic modalities for cancer management. The choice of a proper molecular target can decide the efficacy of the treatment and endorse the personalized medicine approach. Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) is a G-protein-coupled membrane receptor, well known to be overexpressed in numerous malignancies including pancreatic, prostate, breast, lung, colon, cervical, and gastrointestinal cancers. Therefore, many research groups express a deep interest in targeting GRPR with their nanoformulations. A broad spectrum of the GRPR ligands as well as methods of their incorporation with the various delivery vehicles have been described in the literature. Proper design allows tuning of the properties of the final formulation, particularly in the field of the ligand affinity to the receptor and internalization possibilities.
  • 507
  • 27 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Additive Manufacturing of Intermetallic Alloys Based on Ti2AlNb
Titanium alloys based on orthorhombic titanium aluminide Ti2AlNb are promising refractory materials for aircraft engine parts in the operating temperature range from 600–700 °C. Parts made of Ti2AlNb-based alloys by traditional technologies, such as casting and metal forming, have not yet found wide application due to the sensitivity of processability and mechanical properties in chemical composition and microstructure compared with commercial solid-solution-based titanium alloys. Metal additive manufacturing (MAM) has attracted the attention of scientists and engineers for the production of intermetallic alloys based on Ti2AlNb. 
  • 555
  • 23 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Riboflavin-Induced Photochemistry
Riboflavin (RF), which is also known as vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin. RF is a nontoxic and biocompatible natural substance. It absorbs light (at wavelengths of 380 and 450 nm) in the presence of oxygen to form reactive singlet oxygen (1O2). The generated singlet oxygen acts as a photoinitiator to induce the oxidation of biomolecules, such as amino acids, proteins, and nucleotides, or to initiate chemical reactions, such as the thiol-ene reaction and crosslinking of tyramine and furfuryl groups. 
  • 853
  • 23 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Low-Dimensional Nanomaterial Systems
In response to the exhaustion of traditional energy, green and efficient energy conversion has attracted growing attention. The IVA group elements, especially carbon, are widely distributed and stable in the earth’s crust, and have received a lot of attention from scientists. The low-dimensional structures composed of IVA group elements have special energy band structure and electrical properties, which allow them to show more excellent performance in the fields of energy conversion. The diversification of synthesis and optimization of properties of IVA group elements low-dimensional nanomaterials (IVA-LD) contributed to the flourishing development of related fields.
  • 342
  • 23 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Natural Fiber in Frictional Material of Brake Pads
Research into the use of eco-friendly materials, such as natural fibers, in brake pads has gained momentum. This can be attributed to the potential of natural fibers to replace traditional materials in tribological applications such as braking pads. The harmful impact of commonly-used brake pad materials, such as metal and mineral fibers, on human health and the environment, necessitates the development of eco-friendly alternatives. Natural fibers, such as banana peels, palm kernels, and palm slag, have been shown to be viable replacements for traditional brake pad materials.
  • 601
  • 23 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Biosensing with 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides Materials
There has been an exponential surge in reports on two-dimensional (2D) materials ever since the discovery of graphene in 2004. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a class of 2D materials where weak van der Waals force binds individual covalently bonded X–M–X layers (where M is the transition metal and X is the chalcogen), making layer-controlled synthesis possible. These individual building blocks (single-layer TMDs) transition from indirect to direct band gaps and have fascinating optical and electronic properties. Layer-dependent opto-electrical properties, along with the existence of finite band gaps, make single-layer TMDs superior to the well-known graphene that paves the way for their applications in many areas. Ultra-fast response, high on/off ratio, planar structure, low operational voltage, wafer scale synthesis capabilities, high surface-to-volume ratio, and compatibility with standard fabrication processes makes TMDs ideal candidates to replace conventional semiconductors, such as silicon, etc., in the new-age electrical, electronic, and opto-electronic devices. Besides, TMDs can be potentially utilized in single molecular sensing for early detection of different biomarkers, gas sensors, photodetector, and catalytic applications. The impact of COVID-19 has given rise to an upsurge in demand for biosensors with real-time detection capabilities. TMDs as active or supporting biosensing elements exhibit potential for real-time detection of single biomarkers and, hence, show promise in the development of point-of-care healthcare devices. 
  • 542
  • 23 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Proteasome Structure and Function in Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an aggressive and incurable disease for most patients, characterized by periods of treatment, remission and relapse. The introduction of new classes of drugs, such as proteasome inhibitors (PIs), has improved survival outcomes in these patient populations. The proteasome is the core of the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS), a complex and conserved pathway involved in the control of multiple cellular processes, including cell cycle control, transcription, DNA damage repair, protein quality control and antigen presentation. 
  • 511
  • 23 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Solid Adsorbents for CO2 Capture
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered to be a promising technology in reducing atmospheric CO2 concentration. Among the CO2 capture technologies, adsorption has grabbed significant attention owing to its advantageous characteristics discovered in recent years. Solid adsorbents have emerged as one of the most versatile CO2 adsorbents. 
  • 1.4K
  • 23 Feb 2023
Topic Review
Coatings for Optimizing Gold Drug Delivery Systems
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are increasingly being used in drug delivery systems due to their unique properties such as high biocompatibility and versatility. However, AuNPs alone can have limitations in terms of stability, cellular uptake, and specificity for certain types of cells. To address these issues, coatings are being developed to optimize AuNP-based drug delivery systems. Coatings can enhance the stability of AuNPs, prevent their aggregation, and improve their targeting and cellular uptake. Different types of coatings such as polymers, peptides, and proteins are being explored for this purpose. The development of coatings for optimizing gold drug delivery systems has the potential to significantly improve the efficacy of cancer therapies and other treatments.
  • 409
  • 23 Feb 2023
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