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Topic Review
Health Implications of Whey Protein Consumption
Whey protein (WP), commonly consumed for muscle building and weight loss, has been associated with various health concerns. Significant findings were revealed, such as WP’s potential link to liver and kidney damage, alterations in gut microbiota, increased acne incidence, impacts on bone mass, and emotional and behavioural changes. These findings underscore the complexity of WP’s effects on human health, indicating both beneficial and detrimental outcomes in relation to different posologies in a variety of settings. Be cautious for protein intaking in situations of hepatic and renal compromised functions, as well as in acne susceptibility, while possible beneficial effects can be achieved for the intestinal microbiota, humoral and behavioural level, and finally bone and muscle mass in elderly. The importance of balanced WP consumption and call for more in-depth research to understand its long-term health effects were emphasized. Health professionals and individuals considering WP supplementation should be aware of these potential risks and approach its use with informed caution.
  • 173
  • 05 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Virtual Forests Exposure
Numerous studies have confirmed the positive impacts of real forests in areas such as stress relief. However, not everyone can visit forests easily. Virtual technologies offer new ways of experiencing forests for people who are hindered by real-life conditions and provide researchers with a manageable mode of study. 
  • 172
  • 05 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Long-Term Care Insurance
Long-term care insurance is insurance that pays for expenses incurred by individuals who are unable to care for themselves due to old age, illness, or disability, as well as individuals who need to be accompanied to medical appointments at home or in a nursing home. Long-term care insurance falls under the category of health insurance, where the subject matter is an individual's physical health condition. Usually the period of care is very long, it may be six months, one year, several years or even ten years or more. The point of care is to maintain the individual's physical functioning for as long as possible rather than primarily for the purpose of healing, and long term care insurance serves as a financial reimbursement for the cost of care. Long-term care insurance primarily pays for the daily care costs of the elderly, or those caused by illness or disability. It is usually categorized into home care and institutional care. The difference with Medicare is that Medicare primarily covers the cost of medically necessary care, whereas long-term care insurance is primarily used to pay for the cost of general life care and generally does not cover medical interventions
  • 170
  • 19 Jun 2024
Topic Review
Protein Biomarkers in Urolithiasis
Urolithiasis is an increasingly common clinical problem worldwide. The formation of stones is a combination of metabolic status, environmental factors, family history and many other aspects. It is important to find new ways to quickly detect and assess urolithiasis because it causes sudden, severe pain and often comes back.
  • 168
  • 19 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Liquorice Toxicity
Renowned since ancient times for its medical properties, liquorice is nowadays mainly used for flavoring candies or soft drinks. Continuous intake of large amounts of liquorice is a widely known cause of pseudo-hyperaldosteronism leading to hypertension and hypokalemia. These manifestations are usually mild, although in some cases may generate life-threatening complications, i.e., arrhythmias, muscle paralysis, rhabdomyolysis, and coma. 
  • 168
  • 22 Sep 2023
Topic Review
The Process of Plaque Rupture
A warning sign for impending cardiovascular events is not fully established. In the process of plaque rupture, the formation of vulnerable plaque is important, and oxidized cholesterols play an important role in its progression. Furthermore, the significance of vasa vasorum penetrating the medial smooth muscle layer and being rich in atheromatous lesions should be noted. The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a new arterial stiffness index of the arterial tree from the origin of the aorta to the ankle. The CAVI reflects functional stiffness, in addition to structural stiffness. The rapid rise in the CAVI means medial smooth muscle cell contraction and strangling vasa vasorum. A rapid rise in the CAVI in people after a big earthquake, following a high frequency of cardiovascular events has been reported. 
  • 167
  • 12 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Mechanisms of Heart Failure and Role of Inflammation
Inflammation is a major component of heart failure (HF), causing peripheral vasculopathy and cardiac remodeling. High levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines in HF patients have been well recognized. The hallmark of the inflammatory imbalance is the insufficient production of anti-inflammatory mediators, a condition that leads to dysregulated cytokine activity. The condition progresses because of the pathogenic consequences of the cytokine imbalance, including the impact of endothelial dysfunction and adrenergic responsiveness deterioration, and unfavorable inotropic effects on the myocardium. Hence, to develop possible anti-inflammatory treatment options that will enhance the outcomes of HF patients, it is essential to identify the potential pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammation in HF. 
  • 162
  • 04 Jan 2024
Topic Review
Cervical Cancer Detection
Cervical cancer is a common and preventable disease that poses a significant threat to women’s health and well-being. It is the fourth most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, with approximately 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths in 2020, according to the World Health Organization. 
  • 161
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Human Activity Recognition and Fall Detection
In health monitoring systems for the elderly, a crucial aspect is unobtrusively and continuously monitoring their activities to detect potentially hazardous incidents such as sudden falls as soon as they occur. However, the effectiveness of current non-contact sensor-based activity detection systems is limited by obstacles present in the environment. To overcome this limitation, a straightforward yet highly efficient approach involves utilizing multiple sensors that collaborate seamlessly.
  • 161
  • 07 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Diagnostic Tests for SARS-CoV-2 in South African Population
The unprecedented spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) resulted in the urgent need for rapid and reliable diagnostic tests. Accurately diagnosing individuals with infection was paramount to limit the transmission of the virus and to reduce morbidity and mortality.
  • 160
  • 08 Dec 2023
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