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Topic Review
Women’s Empowerment, Food Security, Nutrition Transition in Africa
Despite mounting recognition of the essential role of women’s empowerment in household dietary and nutrition changes, the diversity of culture across African countries presents ambiguity as to whether its impact is experienced homogeneously across the continent. With their prominent role in the kitchen and household food preparation, women offer an important avenue for addressing several challenges in relation to the food subsector. Empowering them with the necessary capabilities can lead to changes in various aspects of households’ dietary patterns. Studies of Africa indicate that empowering women through physical capital, economic agency, and sociocultural factors can have a positive influence on either food security, diet improvements or the enrichment of diet-related health. 
  • 562
  • 09 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Microbiota in Shaping Women’s Health
A properly colonized human microbiota contributes to the proper functioning of the body. The composition of the natural flora changes depending on age, health, living conditions, and the use of antimicrobial agents: antibiotics, disinfectants, and some cosmetics. The human body is diversely populated with microorganisms and undergoes constant changes under the influence of various factors, and its proper composition is extremely important for the proper functioning of the body.
  • 375
  • 09 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Swallow Detection with Acoustics and Accelerometric-Based Wearable Technology
Swallowing disorders, especially dysphagia, might lead to malnutrition and dehydration and could potentially lead to fatal aspiration. Benchmark swallowing assessments, such as videofluoroscopy or endoscopy, are expensive and invasive. Wearable technologies using acoustics and accelerometric sensors could offer opportunities for accessible and home-based long-term assessment. Identifying valid swallow events is the first step before enabling the technology for clinical applications. 
  • 527
  • 09 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Wearable Sensing Technology and Long COVID
Long COVID consequences have changed the perception towards disease management, and it is moving towards personal healthcare monitoring. Wearable sensors are being explored for its simplicity, portability, and real time health monitoring system. These smart devices can detect physiological changes in the human body providing a real time solution for quicker medical decision.
  • 668
  • 09 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Ergonomics Evaluation Using Motion Capture Technology
Due to the increasingly high proportion of manual activities in production processes, there is a constant risk of musculoskeletal disorders or work-related injuries. The risk of these problems is exacerbated by the trend towards an ageing working population. European legislation is pressing for improved working conditions to eliminate the risks associated with health problems for workers. For this reason, the application of ergonomics in this field is growing. Musculoskeletal disorders, which are most often caused by inappropriate working postures, are a major problem. There are many methods for evaluating working postures. 
  • 549
  • 06 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Use of Digital Mental Health Platforms and Interventions
The increasing use of digital mental health (DMH) platforms and digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) is hindered by uncertainty over effectiveness, quality and usability. There is a need to identify the types of available evidence in this domain. There was a small amount of significant evidence (1 in each 11), notably the (cost-)effectiveness of a DMHI with significant long-term impact on anxiety and depression in adults. Empirical research has demonstrated the feasibility of DMH platforms and DMHIs. 
  • 590
  • 06 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Genomic Approaches to Cancer Screening in Primary Care
Genomic tests are being developed for use in cancer screening. As most screening is offered in primary care settings, primary care provider and patient perceptions of such tests are likely to affect uptake. 
  • 266
  • 05 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Climate Change and Mental Health
Anthropogenic climate change is an existential threat whose influences continue to increase in severity. It is pivotal to understand the implications of climate change and their effects on mental health. Empirical evidence has begun to indicate that negative mental health outcomes are a relevant and notable consequence of climate change. Specifically, these negative outcomes range from increased rates of psychiatric diagnoses such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder to higher measures of suicide, aggression and crime. Potential mechanisms are thought to include neuroinflammatory responses to stress, maladaptive serotonergic receptors and detrimental effects on one’s own physical health, as well as the community wellbeing. 
  • 608
  • 04 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Rise of Antimicrobial Resistance
The term “antibiotics” refers to the substances naturally produced by microorganisms such as actinomycetes, bacteria or fungi, which can inhibit the growth of other microorganisms and destroy their cells. Antibiotics were once considered the magic bullet for all human infections. The term “antimicrobial resistance” (AMR) is used to describe the ability of bacteria and other microorganisms to resist the adverse effects of an antimicrobial to which they were formerly susceptible.
  • 949
  • 03 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Health in Chile’s Constitutional Process
Chile is a high-income country in Latin America that faces great socioeconomic inequality and a segmented–public and private–health system. In response to the serious political crisis which took place in 2019, Chile’s political parties came together to deliberate on an institutional solution, attending to the social demands of fairness around several issues, such as pensions, health, and education. The result was the elaboration of the “Agreement for Social Peace and the New Constitution’’. In the process towards elaborating a draft for a new constitution, different mechanisms of civil participation were enabled, including the Popular Initiatives for Norms, an online website where individuals or collectives could submit proposals to be considered.
  • 324
  • 03 Jan 2023
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