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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Wearable Sensors in Para-Sports
Wearable sensors provide a promising opportunity to quantitatively assess the individual functional capacities of an athlete with disability in an ecological environment. The available evidence for the application of wearable sensors in sport for athletes with disabilities is mainly focused on performance assessment and characterization for training optimization, mirroring classic aspects of sports biomechanics in non-disabled athletes. Applications specific to sports for people with disability, such as athlete classification and injury prevention, are limited but indicate possible directions for further development. Finally, since the equipment is frequently of particular importance in sports for persons with disability, the literature indicates that wearable systems are promising to support the customization of equipment to meet the athlete's individual needs.
  • 933
  • 25 Apr 2021
Topic Review
Applications of High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence
Steroids are compounds widely available in nature and synthesized for therapeutic and medical purposes. Steroids can be found in various environmental samples, including water, plant, and animal samples as well as in a variety of pharmaceutical forms. Due its sensitivity and selectivity, high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) is widely used for detection of steroids in pharmaceutical and environmental samples.
  • 932
  • 11 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Protein Intake in Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
In chronic degenerative diseases related to nitrogen metabolism and excretion, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), the optimization of the amount of protein ingested in the diet is especially relevant. The occurrence of metabolic disorders and the nature of the amino acid mixture resulting from protein digestion, the general state of the patient and the severity of the CKD implies that proper protein intake should be carefully considered.
  • 929
  • 29 Mar 2022
Topic Review
The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis in Psychiatric Disorders
The microbiota is a group of microorganisms that colonize the human body, and the composition of this group is not accidental; in turn, the term microbiome covers the genomes of all microorganisms in a particular environment. This complex ecosystem is characterized by a complicated network of positive and negative interrelationships that significantly impact the host’s health. Notably, the microbiota currently depends not only on the interdependencies occurring in this specific ecosystem but also on the cells of the macroorganism. Microorganisms inhabit various areas of the human body, ranging from the skin, through the mouth, the upper respiratory tract, the ear canal, and the vagina. However, 90% of all microorganisms colonize the initial sections of the small and large intestines. Many data indicate that the number of microorganisms that inhabit a macroorganism exceeds ten times the number of its cells.
  • 920
  • 13 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Public Attitudes towards COVID-19 Vaccination
Major hindrances to getting a COVID-19 vaccine include vaccine hesitancy, skepticism, refusal, and anti-vaccine movements. Several studies have been conducted on attitudes of the public towards COVID-19 vaccines and the potential influencing factors.
  • 919
  • 01 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Sleep Quantity and Sleep Quality
Sleep is one of the basic physiological processes for human survival. Both sleep quantity and sleep quality are fundamental components of sleep. We should pay more attention to obtaining sleep of good quality (restfulness, no sleepiness, no need for more sleep, sufficient objective sleep depth, etc.), although there have not been enough studies on the associations between sleep quality and health or disorders in children and adolescents.
  • 914
  • 30 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Glyphosate in Food
Glyphosate is a systemic, broad-spectrum and post-emergent herbicide. The use of glyphosate has grown in the last decades, and it is currently the most used herbicide worldwide. The rise of glyphosate consumption over the years also brought an increased concern about its possible toxicity and consequences for human health. 
  • 913
  • 19 Nov 2021
Topic Review
Forest Rescue Point System
Forest work is dangerous. In particular, manual or motor manual work still exists in large parts of both the professional sector and in the management of small private forests. For example, Germany has a large number of forest owners, estimated at approx. 2,000,000. Accidents that happen in the forest often involve severe injuries. In 2020, 4834 (2019: 5257) accidents during forestry work were reported in Germany. 1533 (2019: 1680) people were so seriously injured that they were unable to work for more than three days. 26 (2019: 36) people lost their lives while working in the forest. The system of fixed rescue points has been established in some areas of Germany for a long time. For example, a system of fixed rescue meeting points was established in the Bavarian state forest as early as the 1990s. In addition to establishing a clear meeting point for the rescue service, providing the fastest route to a landline telephone also played a major role at that time. With the current predominant use of smartphones, the role of the rescue meeting points has changed.
  • 908
  • 23 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Vitamin D: Cost-Effectively Overcoming Infections and Chronic Diseases
The prevalence of chronic diseases increases with age, especially in those with co-morbidities. The two most common denominators are the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and low concentrations of angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor-2 (ACE2). Whether vitamin D deficiency initiates or aggravates chronic diseases is unclear: the likelihood is both. Hypovitaminosis D negatively affects all body systems, especially the musculoskeletal and immune systems. Many chronic conditions and infections can be minimized using the right dose of vitamin D supplements administered at the right frequency (daily or once weekly) or direct sun exposure to one-third of the skin between 10:30 AM and 1:30 PM, in summer like sunlight, for 20 to 60 minutes depending on the skin tone. It is advisable to wear sunglasses and a brimmed hat to protect one’s eyes and face. Maintaining the population serum 25(OH)D concentration above 40 ng/mL (i.e., sufficiency) ensures a better immune system, minimizing symptomatic diseases and reducing infections and chronic diseases. The best clinical outcome and longevity are expected from maintaining the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations between 50 and 80 ng/mL.
  • 905
  • 04 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Edible Mushrooms for Major Depressive Disorder
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is still defined as a unitary entity characterized by decontextualized symptoms, which include either: (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure (anhedonia); and at least five out of nine other symptoms (e.g., fatigue, insomnia, suicidal thoughts, diminished concentration, and psychomotor delay). To qualify as a major depressive episode, the symptoms have to persist for a minimum of 2 weeks and cause significant distress and disturbances in initiating and performing daily activities. Individuals with recurrent episodes are diagnosed with MDD. Edible medicinal mushrooms may be an adjunctive treatment for MDD.
  • 904
  • 10 Jan 2023
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