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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
COVID-19 and Housing Injustice
In the United States, there has been a long history of environmental injustice that disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minorities and low-income communities due to racially targeted policies and widespread discrimination. Environmental racism can be revealed in housing discrimination that perpetuates inequities in exposure to environmental pollutants. Biased credit and mortgaging practices such as redlining have led to housing segregation of racial and ethnic minorities in the USA, permitting policymakers to diminish and disinvest in these communities. The COVID-19 pandemic has amplified housing instability for families of color, including Black and Hispanic/Latinx communities, putting them at increased risk for COVID-19 exposure. There is a need to investigate how environmental injustice intensifies the COVID-19 pandemic, illuminates racial and ethnic inequities in exposure to environmental contaminants, and fuels disparities in COVID-19 outcomes.
  • 171
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Carbon Footprints of Active and Non-Active Transport Modes
Carbon footprint is defined as the exclusive total amount of carbon dioxide emissions that are directly or indirectly caused by an activity or accumulated over the lifespan of a product. This definition suggests that a carbon footprint can be generated directly or indirectly by an individual through daily behaviours. 
  • 381
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Health Challenges of Military Personnel and Veterans
Military personnel and veterans meet unique health challenges that stem from the complex interplay of their service experiences, the nature of warfare, and their interactions with both military and civilian healthcare systems.
  • 202
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Social Connectedness
Poor social connectedness has long been recognised as a significant threat to both physical and mental health, particularly for older people. Numerous studies examining the health impacts of loneliness and isolation have demonstrated an association with negative outcomes such as increased mortality, cognitive decline, anxiety and depression and cardiovascular disease. However, with the rapid onset of the SARS-CoV-2 (otherwise known as COVID-19) virus in early 2020 came an additional threat to those already vulnerable to loneliness—enforced physical isolation. Confinement to the home was particularly important for the health of those in older age due to the increased mortality risk from the virus for that section of the population.
  • 320
  • 13 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Managing Earthquake Debris
Earthquakes have the potential to cause severe and widespread structural damage to buildings and infrastructure in the affected area. Earthquake debris mainly results from building collapses during intense ground motion and the emergency demolition of damaged and unstable buildings following a devastating earthquake. Debris management constitutes a major challenge that must be met by all those participating in disaster management as it poses threats to both the natural environment and public health in an earthquake-affected area. 
  • 414
  • 13 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Ban
The proposal by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) to ban over 12,000 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has sparked a debate about potential consequences for the economy, industry, and the environment. Although some PFAS are known to be harmful, a blanket ban may lead to significant problems in attempting to replace PFAS-based materials for environmental transition, as well as in medical devices and everyday products.
  • 179
  • 10 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Materials, Structure and System Composition of Sweat Sensor
Sweat, as a biofluid that is easy to extract and contains a variety of biomarkers, can provide various types of physiological information for health monitoring.
  • 193
  • 10 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Medical 3D Printing
3D printing (3DP) has advanced traditional medical treatments. Healthcare has witnessed a remarkable transformation with the emergence of reverse engineering 3D printing. This innovative technology has demonstrated its potential to surmount the limitations encountered by traditional medical treatments. With more than a decade of dedicated research and exploration, 3DP has garnered substantial attention for its ability to address the challenges in medical treatment by creating patient-specific implants, advanced medical devices, and intricate anatomical models.
  • 241
  • 09 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Postprandial Exercise in Mitigating Glycemic Responses
Engaging in some forms of exercise following a meal is effective in mitigating postprandial hyperglycemia and assisting with daily glycemic control. The improved glycemic response observed in studies using diverse exercise protocols suggests that an exercise strategy aimed at reducing blood glucose response can be readily applied without being constrained by the availability of exercise equipment or the functional capacity of an individual, as long as the exercise duration is sufficient (i.e., >30 min). 
  • 111
  • 08 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Unveiling Therapeutic Targets for Esophageal Cancer
Esophageal cancer (EC) is defined by an uncontrolled growth of tissues in the muscular hollow channel separating the throat from the stomach known as the esophageal wall. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) are the two primary histological forms.
  • 147
  • 08 Nov 2023
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