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Topic Review
Training on Cardiopulmonary Fitness
Heart failure (HF) is a common disease with an increasing prevalence worldwide and it is characterized by a low five-year survival of 35–55%, which affects cardiac function, exercise tolerance, and the daily life of patients. Cardiac rehabilitation is defined as a set of activities that aims to provide patients with heart disease with the best physical, mental, and social conditions, therefore, reducing the risk of death and acute events related to their illness. Previous studies have demonstrated that cardiac rehabilitation with physical exercise was beneficial to physical fitness, cardiac function, and quality of life in HF patients.
  • 562
  • 23 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Lifestyle Changed by COVID-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious challenge for societies around the globe as entire populations have fallen victim to the infectious spread and have taken up social distancing. In many countries, people have had to self-isolate and to be confined to their homes for several weeks to months to prevent the spread of the virus. Social distancing measures have had both negative and positive impacts on various aspects of economies, lifestyles, education, transportation, food supply, health, social life, and mental wellbeing.
  • 737
  • 23 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Cardiometabolic-Based Chronic Disease in Czechia
Unlike the traditional adiposity and dysglycemia classifiers, which do not capture the complexity of cardiometabolic pathophysiology, the Cardiometabolic-Based Chronic Disease (CMBCD) model was proposed to incorporate the natural history of the cardiometabolic disease in four stages: 1—risk; 2—pre-disease; 3—diseases; and 4—complications. The CMBCD model combines the dysglycemia and abnormal adiposity drivers into the chronic care model as DBCD  and ABCD, with the presence of earlier primary drivers (genetics, environment, and behavior) and later metabolic drivers (hypertension and dyslipidemia) impacting the eventual cardiovascular disease phenotype. The CMBCD model triggers proactive detection and stratification of subjects at risk using a culturally adapted approach to improve successful implementation and precision. 
  • 415
  • 23 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Relationship Dynamics among BC Couples
This entry shows the dynamics that characterize couples during the breast cancer treatment pathway by underlining the areas that can predict a positive dyadic adaptation. More specifically, couples who maintain a resilient intimacy, build constructive mutual communication, adopt common dyadic coping strategies and provide mutual psychosocial support report higher levels of relationship functioning. These marriages are characterized by high levels of enmeshment and less rigidity in terms of rules and roles and flexible interaction patterns.
  • 497
  • 22 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Stride Length
Stride length was defined as the distance measured parallel to the line of progression, including two consecutive steps. Stride width was defined as side-to side distance between the heel of the current foot and heel of the next opposite foot. On the other hand, step width was determined as the distance between the outermost borders of two consecutive footprints. The standard deviation of the three variables (stride length) was used to represent the variability of the stride length.
  • 1.2K
  • 22 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Nanomaterials for Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Industrial wastewater originating from various industries contributes as a major source of water pollution. This pollutant poses a severe threat to the environment. Recent years saw nanomaterials as a potential candidate for pollutants removal. Nowadays, a range of cost-effective nanomaterials is available with unique properties.
  • 1.2K
  • 22 Jul 2021
Topic Review
MIS-C Associated with COVID-19
This study aimed to achieve a better understanding of the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
  • 378
  • 19 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Iron-Containing Oral Contraceptives
Oral contraceptive use has been associated with decreased menstrual blood losses; thus, can independently reduce the risk of anemia and iron deficiency in women. Manufacturers have recently started to include supplemental iron in the non-hormonal placebo tablets of some contraceptives. 
  • 6.5K
  • 15 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Healthy Eating in T2D
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex, multifaceted disease and its treatment involves lifestyle intervention (LI) programs that participants may find difficult to adopt and maintain. The objective of this study is to understand the lived experiences of participants with T2D regarding healthy eating behavior change, in order to identify and incorporate relevant information, skills, and educational approaches into LI programs. An explorative qualitative study was undertaken. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit 15 participants. One-on-one, semi-structured, open-ended, and in-depth interviews were conducted. An essentialist paradigm was adopted to accurately report the experiences, meaning, and reality of participants. An inductive approach was used to analyze the data. Participants reported that being diagnosed and living with T2D could be overwhelming, and their ability to manage was influenced by health care providers (HCP), family, and individual context. Many experienced a loop of “good–bad” eating behaviors. Participants expressed desires for future diabetes management that would include program content (nutrition, physical activity, mental health, foot care, and consequences of T2D), program features (understand context, explicit information, individualized, hands-on learning, applicable, realistic, incremental, and practical), program components (access to multidisciplinary team, set goals, track progress and be held accountable, one-on-one sessions, group support, maintenance/follow-up), and policy change. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that T2D management requires more extensive, comprehensive, and ongoing support, guided by the individual participant. 
  • 427
  • 15 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Primary Health Care in Eswatini
Primary health care (PHC) is the first point of contact in a health system for most patients. It focuses on providing community-based health services that are equitable, comprehensive, affordable and accessible to all, throughout the life-course of an individual.
  • 1.1K
  • 14 Jul 2021
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