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All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Hip Muscle Strengthening Exercises and Low Back Pain
Low back pain (LBP) is a health problem that affects 70–80% of the population in Western countries. Because of the biomechanical relationship between the lumbar region and the hip, it is thought that strengthening the muscles of this joint could improve the symptoms of people with LBP.  Participants who performed hip strengthening exercises had significantly improved in pain and disability. 
  • 404
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Bone Grafts in Dental Medicine
There are several materials available for bone grafts and the selection of the ideal material depends on a number of factors, such as material availability, defect size, size, shape and volume of the graft, biomechanics, handling, cost, ethical issues, biological characteristics, and associated complications. Among the available options in the area of bone regeneration, the gold standard remains autogenous bone, due to its osteoinductive and osteogenic capabilities. All other materials (allograft, xenograft, and synthetic biomaterials) have limitations, which must be taken into account, depending on their use.
  • 404
  • 16 Jun 2023
Topic Review
Nutritional Status in Patients with Esophageal Cancer
Esophageal cancer is associated with shorter survival times due to the increased incidence of malnourishment and cachexia in patients with the disease, which is prevalent in patients with obesity, as well. Although the prognostic significance of the nutritional status does not mean exclusion from treatment, the need for timely nutritional assessment is important, as interventions for the treatment of malnutrition can considerably improve survival.
  • 404
  • 16 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Natural Ingredients from Trás-os-Montes Region
The natural cosmetics market has grown since consumers became aware of the concept of natural-based ingredients. A significant number of cosmetics have an ecological impact on the environment and carry noxious and chemically potent substances. Thus, the use of natural and organic cosmetics becomes increasingly important since it is clear that topical treatment withcosmeceuticals can help improve skin rejuvenation. A substantial investigation into the benefits that fruits and plants can bring to health is required. Studies have shown that antigenotoxic properties are linked to anti-aging properties. Several studies have shown potential antigenotoxicity in natural ingredients such as Almonds (Prunus dulcis), Elderberry (Sambucus nigra), Olives (Olea europaea), and Grapes (Vitis vinifera). This review presents an overview of research conducted on these natural ingredients, the most common in the Northeast of Portugal. This region of Portugal possesses the most organic farmers, and ingredients are easily obtained. The Northeast of Portugal also has climatic, topographic, and pedological differences that contribute to agricultural diversity.
  • 404
  • 24 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Microbiota in Shaping Women’s Health
A properly colonized human microbiota contributes to the proper functioning of the body. The composition of the natural flora changes depending on age, health, living conditions, and the use of antimicrobial agents: antibiotics, disinfectants, and some cosmetics. The human body is diversely populated with microorganisms and undergoes constant changes under the influence of various factors, and its proper composition is extremely important for the proper functioning of the body.
  • 403
  • 09 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Alleviate Job Burnout in Construction Workers in China
Burnout is at all-time highs across modern professions. As a typical labor-intensive industry, the high-pressure and task-driven nature of the construction industry makes construction workers more prone to burnout. It is still unclear whether increasing the professionalization level can lessen the many harmful consequences of job burnout on construction workers’ employment.
  • 403
  • 17 Jan 2023
Topic Review
Informal Social Support on China Older Health
Population aging is an inevitable global trend. The United Nations stipulates that the countries and regions where more than 10% of the population is over 60 years old will become aging societies. In China, the population aged 60 and higher was 253.88 million in 2019, accounting for 18.1% of China’s total population (National Bureau of Statistics 2020), which far exceeds the international standards of aging. Furthermore, the proportion of the older population is still rising.
  • 403
  • 28 Feb 2022
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Oxidative Stress in Relation to Aging and Exercise
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, resulting in disruption of redox signaling and control and causing molecular damage. Oxidative stress is related to a variety of diseases, for example, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and cancer. It might be that oxidative stress, and, more specifically, reactive oxygen species (ROS), affects longevity in a subtle way through signaling. Possible therapies to reduce oxidative stress in the elderly are nutritional intervention (for example, caloric restriction (CR)) and exercise. Exercise is associated with favorable changes in the expression of antioxidant enzymes and the oxidative stress status in general. A diet with CR also seems to be a promising way to reduce oxidative stress by decreasing oxidant emission and improving antioxidant mechanisms. A better understanding of where the antioxidant mechanisms in the elderly fail could be a big step forward in developing new therapies (such as exercise or diet) that prevent oxidative damage and cellular dysfunction with age.
  • 403
  • 25 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS)
Spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) is a unique neuro-ophthalmic phenomenon that has been observed in astronauts who have undergone long-duration spaceflight. The syndrome is characterized by distinct imaging and clinical findings including optic disc edema, hyperopic refractive shift, posterior globe flattening, and choroidal folds. SANS serves a large barrier to planetary spaceflight such as a mission to Mars and has been noted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as a high risk based on its likelihood to occur and its severity to human health and mission performance. While it is a large barrier to future spaceflight, the underlying etiology of SANS is not well understood. However, several well-developed hypotheses have been proposed and countermeasures have been developed.
  • 403
  • 10 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Service-Learning Intervention on Loneliness and Ageism
Service-learning is an effective intervention to solve social issues. Given that the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the loneliness level of everyone and especially senior individuals, this kind of pandemic should not deter people from capitalizing on technology and engaging senior individuals in virtual interactions to alleviate loneliness burden. While the cost of such interaction is minimal, the gain can be substantial given the negative effects of loneliness on health outcomes. Service-learning is a two edged-sword that can both solve a social issue and train students in social engagement. Therefore, college programs with a special focus on social issues could incorporate service-learning in their curriculum as it has proven to be an effective and efficient means to both educate students and solve social issues, such as hunger, racism and discrimination, ageism, poverty, homelessness, physical disability, education, and legislative advocacy.
  • 403
  • 10 Jun 2022
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