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Topic Review
Optimizing Efficiency and Exploring Greenhouse-Integrated Organic Photovoltaics
Organic solar cells present distinct advantages including transparency, cost-effective manufacturing potential, and tunable light absorption properties. Recent years have witnessed the development of various strategies aimed at enhancing the performance of Organic solar cells. Utilizing the high optical selectivity and tunability of organic semiconductors, the application of organic photovoltaics in greenhouse integration has also been explored. Tackling the efficiency challenges could be the pivotal factor that shifts organic photovoltaics from a promising technology to a commercial reality.
  • 193
  • 30 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Microstructure Formation and Processing Features of Non-Alloy Steels
The properties of structural steel during processing are influenced by various structural components, including equilibrium structures, which include austenite and pearlite, as well as non-equilibrium structures like martensite, residual austenite, sorbite, and troostite. The formation of these structures is determined by factors that include temperature, alloy composition, and cooling medium.
  • 369
  • 28 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Biowaste for Electrodes in Energy Storage Applications
The common waste management methods which include direct dumping into water bodies, open-air combustion, and as land fillers are obsolete and are the major causes of environmental pollution. Conversion of biowastes into valuable materials aids proper waste management, and helps to attain a cleaner environment, in addition to the fact that wastes are turned into wealth. Biowastes are rich in carbon and can serve as excellent precursors for the synthesis of important carbon materials such as activated carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes etc. 
  • 410
  • 21 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Sustainable Fire-Resistant Polysaccharide-Based Composite Aerogels
Fire safety is a critical concern in various industries necessitating the development of sustainable and effective fire-resistant materials. Sustainable fire-resistant polysaccharide-based composite aerogels are regarded as an innovative solution in fire safety applications.
  • 263
  • 16 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Flexible Piezoresistive Arrays
Spatial distribution perception has become an important trend for flexible pressure sensors, which endows wearable health devices, bionic robots, and human–machine interactive interfaces (HMI) with more precise tactile perception capabilities. Flexible pressure sensor arrays can monitor and extract abundant health information to assist in medical detection and diagnosis. Bionic robots and HMI with higher tactile perception abilities will maximize the freedom of human hands. Flexible arrays based on piezoresistive mechanisms have been extensively researched due to the high performance of pressure-sensing properties and simple readout principles.
  • 186
  • 28 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Factors Affecting Wear Performance of Medium Manganese Steels
Medium manganese steels (MMSs) have garnered increased attention and interest due to their relatively low cost and superior combination properties compared to other steels. In particular, MMSs have been recognised as ideal wear-resistant materials employed in the mining industry. The key factors that affect the wear performance of MMSs include the elemental composition in MMSs and the phase transformation occurred during TRIP and TWIP as well as various heat treatment processes.
  • 246
  • 11 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Clinoptilolite
Zeolites are crystalline, hydrated aluminosilicates with an open-framework structure. Unique structural features make them very useful ion-changers, adsorbents and catalysts. The catalytic use of zeolites has expanded from traditional use in the petrochemical industry and refineries to use in the catalytic degradation of various environmental pollutants and the synthesis of fine chemicals. Progress on the use of zeolites has been achieved in biomass conversion to fuels and valuable industrial bio-based chemicals. 
  • 426
  • 10 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Polymer-Matrix Composites - Environmental Fatigue, Creep, Long-Term Durability
Polymer-matrix composites are widely used in engineering applications. Yet, environmental factors impact their macroscale fatigue and creep performances significantly, owing to several mechanisms acting at the microstructure level. Seawater, due to a combination of high salinity and pressures, low temperature and biotic media present, also contributes to the acceleration of fatigue and creep damage. Similarly, other liquid corrosive agents penetrate into cracks induced by cyclic loading and cause dissolution of the resin and breakage of interfacial bonds. UV radiation either increases the crosslinking density or scissions chains, embrittling the surface layer of a given matrix. Temperature cycles close to the glass transition damage the fibre–matrix interface, promoting microcracking and hindering fatigue and creep performance. The microbial and enzymatic degradation of biopolymers is also studied, with the former responsible for metabolising specific matrices and changing their microstructure and/or chemical composition. 
  • 573
  • 07 Jul 2023
Topic Review
MXenes for Nanogenerators
Due to its superior advantages in terms of electronegativity, metallic conductivity, mechanical flexibility, customizable surface chemistry, etc., 2D MXenes for nanogenerators have demonstrated significant progress. MXene-based composites have been shown to exhibit improved energy conversion efficiency compared to traditional energy harvesting materials. The voltage output of MXene-based nanogenerators depends on several factors, including the specific MXene material used, the configuration of the device, and the mechanical energy input.
  • 339
  • 05 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Phase Structure and Identification
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is one of the most interesting semicrystalline polymers and is often used in sensors, actuators, energy harvesters, etc., because of its high biocompatibility, film-forming ability, low cost, excellent chemical stability, and good electroactive characteristics, including piezo-, pyro-, and ferro-electric properties.
  • 273
  • 30 Jun 2023
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