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Topic Review
Fermented Plant Biomass in Pigs Feeding
The demand for animal-based food production is increasing mainly due to the rapid growth of the human population. The effective production of high-quality agricultural products promotes and protects the natural environment, human health, and animal welfare. Sustainable processing involves minimizing the waste stream. One way to use agricultural plant-based waste, which is often rich in bioactive substances, is to produce fermented feed in accordance with the principles of sustainable development. Corn, yellow lupins, and narrow-leaved lupins are rich in nutrients, and are suitable for fermentation and use in pig feed. They are also safe for weaned piglets. Used as a feed additive, fermented plant biomass has a positive effect on the health of pigs, increasing their weight and improving the taste and appearance of the meat. The fermentation of plant biomass reduces antinutritional substances that are abundant in feed components.
  • 997
  • 16 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Fertilization and Soil Microbial Community
Crop production is currently expanding globally due to an increased demand for food, animal feed and biofuels; the latter has been stimulated by the increase in oil prices making bioenergy crops more competitive and profitable compared to fossil fuels. Chemical fertilizers (also termed mineral, inorganic or synthetic fertilizers) contain a high concentration of a primary nutrient (nitrogen, N; potassium, K; phosphorous, P) as inorganic salts. Secondary elements (calcium, magnesium and sulfur) can also be added to soil by chemical fertilizers. Micronutrients (boron, manganese, iron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, cobalt and chlorine) are in general absent in NPK chemical fertilizers and can be supplied by specific synthetic and expensive plant nutrients with soil or foliar applications. Soil microbes have different responses to fertilization based on differences in the total carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents in the soil, along with soil moisture and the presence of plant species.
  • 893
  • 11 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Fertilizer-Cum-Pesticide Effect of the Toxic Weed Lantana
Lantana (L. camara), which is acknowledged as one among the 100 most invasive and colonizing of the world’s weeds, has become a major threat to agriculture and forest ecosystems. It has the ability to grow in widely varying environmental conditions, often forming large, impenetrable, thickets. This entry is to compare fertilizer-cum-pesticide effect of vermicomposts derived from cowdung and the toxic weed lantana. It has shown that vermicomposting transforms lantana into an organic fertilizer which is as benign and potent as vermicomposts  based on cowdung and other manures are.
  • 520
  • 27 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Festive Ecology
Festive ecology explores the relationships between the symbolism and the ecology of the plants, fungi and animals associated with cultural events such as festivals, processions, and special occasions. Examples of topics are given below.
  • 314
  • 20 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Field Measurement Studies on Indoor Air Quality
The Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is one of the key factors that influence the quality of the indoor environment, as well as the human health.
  • 950
  • 16 Feb 2022
Topic Review
Field-Effect Transistor-Based Biosensors for Environmental Monitoring
The precise monitoring of environmental contaminants and agricultural plant stress factors, respectively responsible for damages to our ecosystems and crop losses, has become nowadays a topic of uttermost importance. This is also highlighted by the recent introduction of the so-called "Sustainable Development Goals" of the United Nations, which aim at reducing pollutants while implementing more sustainable food production practices leading to a reduced impact on all ecosystems. In this context, the standard methods currently used in these fields represent a sub-optimal solution, being expensive, laboratory-based techniques, and typically requiring trained personnel with high expertise. Recent advances in both biotechnology and material science, have led to the emergence of new sensing (and biosensing) technologies, enabling low-cost, precise, and real-time detection. An especially interesting category of biosensors is represented by field-effect transistor-based biosensors (bio-FETs), which enable the possibility of performing in-situ, continuous, selective, and sensitive measurements of a wide palette of different parameters of interest. Furthermore, bio-FETs offer the possibility of being fabricated using innovative and sustainable materials, employing various device configurations, each customized for a specific application. In the specific field of environmental and agricultural monitoring, the exploitation of these devices is particularly attractive as it paves the way to early detection and intervention strategies useful to limit, or even to completely avoid negative outcomes (such as diseases to animals or ecosystems losses). 
  • 1.0K
  • 08 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Filtration for Water Treatment
In drinking water treatment, filtration plays an important role in the multi-barrier approach employed for the removal of pathogens. The presence of suspended solids and other particulate matter in water increases the resistance of most microbes to disinfection. Therefore, high performance in the removal of particles achieved by granular filtration can increase the disinfection efficiency.
  • 1.6K
  • 27 Jan 2021
Topic Review
Finn River (County Fermanagh and County Monaghan)
The Finn River (Irish: An Fhinn or Abhainn na Finne), also known as the River Finn, is a small river that flows through parts of County Fermanagh and County Monaghan in the south of Ulster, the northern province in Ireland. Part of the river forms the boundary between County Fermanagh and County Monaghan, thus forming a short part of the border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Two very short stretches of the river, just north of Redhills and at Castle Saunderson, near Belturbet, also form part of the boundary between County Fermanagh and County Cavan. Parts of the river flow entirely within County Fermanagh, while other parts of the river flow entirely within County Monaghan. The Finn River should not be confused with the better known and much longer River Finn in County Donegal in the west of Ulster. The Finn River rises on the slopes of Slieve Beagh in the south-east of County Fermanagh, rising to the north of Roslea, a village also located in south-east Fermanagh. It initially flows in a southerly direction, meandering around both Rough Hill and Gola, two neighbouring townlands in the north-west of County Monaghan that are a short distance north-east of Roslea. The river then flows back into Fermanagh, skirting around the north-western, western and southern edges of Roslea and along the western edge of Spring Grove Forest, crossing back into County Monaghan beside New Bridge. At a place between New Bridge and Aghafin House, the river meanders around a sharp bend, flowing in a south-easterly direction for almost two miles, entirely within County Monaghan, between the townland of Aghafin, just north-east of Clones, and the townland of Nook, just south-east of Stonebridge. Thereafter, the river mainly flows in a south-westerly direction, all the way to its mouth on Upper Lough Erne. The river flows through Stonebridge and Analore, two hamlets in West Monaghan. It flows very close to Ballynure House, a now ruined Late Georgian residence just outside Analore. The Finn flows to the east, and then to the south, of Clones, the main town in West Monaghan. The river flows just to the north and north-west of the Hilton Park Demesne, near the village of Scotshouse, also in West Monaghan. The Finn flows through Wattlebridge, a hamlet in the south-east of County Fermanagh, then enters Upper Lough Erne nearby, entering the lough directly opposite Derrykerrib (Irish: Doire Ceirbe), an island and townland also in the south-east of County Fermanagh. The river flows into a narrow channel of the lough at this place, where the townland of Edergool in County Fermanagh meets the townland of Castlesaunderson Demesne, where Castle Saunderson is located, in County Cavan. Thus, half of the river's mouth is in County Fermanagh, while the other half is in County Cavan. The river's mouth, which is at the edge of the Castle Saunderson Demesne, is also very near the Lanesborough Demesne, a former demesne in the townland of Quivvy on the County Cavan shore of Upper Lough Erne. The Lanesborough Demesne, near Belturbet, is directly opposite the north-western shore of Derrykerrib Island. Traditionally, the Finn River was considered navigable for most of the year by certain types of river boat, from its mouth upstream as far as Cumber Bridge in the townland of Coolnalong (Irish: Cúil na Long), a bridge located between Scotshouse and Clones. The river meanders significantly throughout most of its course.
  • 674
  • 06 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Fintech and Sustainability
Current concerns about environmental issues have led to many new trends in technology and financial management. Within this context of digital transformation and sustainable finance, Fintech has emerged as an alternative to traditional financial institutions. This paper, through a literature review and case study approach, analyzes the relationship between Fintech and sustainability, and the different areas of collaboration between Fintech and sustainable finance, from both a theoretical and descriptive perspective, while giving specific examples of current technological platforms. Additionally, in this paper, two Fintech initiatives (Clarity AI and Pensumo) are described, as well as several proposals to improve the detection of greenwashing and other deceptive behavior by firms. The results lead to the conclusion that sustainable finance and Fintech have many aspects in common, and that Fintech can make financial businesses more sustainable overall by promoting green finance. Furthermore, this paper highlights the importance of European and global regulation, mainly from the perspective of consumer protection. 
  • 1.8K
  • 14 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Fique Plant in Colombia
The fique plant (Furcraea Vent.) forms part of a group of xerophytic monocotyledonous species. It belongs to the Asparagaceae family, the Agavoidea subfamily, and is native to the Andean region of South America.
  • 1.1K
  • 09 Jan 2023
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