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Topic Review
Club Nintendo
Club Nintendo is a discontinued customer loyalty program provided by Nintendo. The loyalty program was free to join and provided rewards in exchange for consumer feedback and loyalty to purchasing official Nintendo products. Members of Club Nintendo earned credits or "coins" by submitting codes found on Nintendo products and systems, which could be traded in for special edition items only available on Club Nintendo. Rewards included objects such as playing cards, tote bags, controllers, downloadable content, and warranty extensions on select Nintendo products. On January 20, 2015, it was announced that Club Nintendo would be discontinued in North America on June 30, 2015, and in Europe and Japan on September 30, 2015, due to an upcoming new loyalty program. Flipnote Studio 3D later became available to all North American Club Nintendo members for free for a limited time, and users who signed up to the European version of the new loyalty program during the launch period received Flipnote Studio 3D for free. On March 17, 2015, after suddenly announcing their business partnership venture with DeNA, Nintendo stated that they were working with them on a new, cross-platform membership service called My Nintendo to supersede Club Nintendo for the Wii U, Nintendo 3DS , and Nintendo Switch, alongside other devices such as tablets, smartphones and PCs. It was initially launched in Japan on March 17, 2016, alongside Nintendo's first mobile title, Miitomo.
  • 696
  • 17 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Cluster Internationalization
An industrial cluster is the internationalization of a regional industry cluster as a whole, rather than a single enterprise, in a multi-dimensional and structured manner that is extensive and in-depth to penetrate its business activities into the international market, and providing the cluster with a wealth of explicit and implicit knowledge, innovative ideas, professional skills, as well as the existing knowledge, making cluster members strengthen the process of cooperation network and social capital. It is not only a process that can reflect the enhancement of the main body’s competitiveness, but also shows a result. 
  • 496
  • 08 Oct 2021
Topic Review
CNBC Ticker
The CNBC Ticker is a computer simulation of ticker tapes used by the United States business news-oriented television network CNBC (as well as its international sister channels), that is displayed as a crawl on the lower part of the television screen. The CNBC Ticker shows security and index symbols in the manner of the ticker tapes that received information by telegraph. The security identifiers used on the CNBC Ticker are taken from nomenclatures used by third-party companies like Reuters or from global stock exchanges. The ticker is composed of a faster-scrolling upper band with a white background and a slower-scrolling lower band with a dark blue background for all CNBC channels. In addition for some channels, such as CNBC Europe; CNBC-e; CNBC Arabiya and Class CNBC, a third business news band is displayed in gray with a black background. The ticker is shown throughout the duration of financial news programming on CNBC's domestic and international channels, including national commercial breaks. However, in the United States and Canada , advertisements that are locally inserted by cable television providers may be shown full-screen, omitting the ticker from being displayed during local breaks (as of 2013, all ad inserts by cable television providers, as well as satellite television providers DirecTV and Dish Network are now shown full-screen).
  • 6.7K
  • 18 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Co-Created Values in Crowdfunding for Enterprises
Crowdfunding (CF) is considered to be an innovative source of funding, and research into its effects on CF participants is being conducted from many different angles. Crowdfunding not only presents an alternative financing option, but also affects all perspectives relevant to value creation. As compared to the existing literature, this analysis is the most comprehensive take on the importance of crowdfunding for increasing the value of small and medium enterprises to date, thus offering a material contribution to the fuller understanding of crowdfunding from the financial standpoint, as well as pointing to the importance of crowdfunding as a financing method influencing sustainable decision-making by small and medium enterprises (SMEs). 
  • 363
  • 15 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Co-Living at Its Best in Hong Kong
Co-living is often viewed as a shared rental housing arrangement, where common amenities are utilised collectively by tenants. This practice has been a long-standing tradition in high-density urban areas, particularly within housing estates where co-owners collaborate to make efficient use of space and resources.
  • 174
  • 10 Nov 2023
Topic Review
CO2 Emission in OBOR Countries
Renewable sources of energy have been found to have a CO2 emission reduction effect, both in the long and short term. In the long run, there is a negative connection between globalization and CO2 emissions; however, in the short run, this connection is inconsequential, while economic growth (EG) has a positive association with CO2 emission. The development of ICT infrastructure carries the potential to directly mitigate the detrimental effects of CO2 emissions while also playing an important role in raising people’s environmental consciousness. One belt one road (OBOR) countries should welcome and encourage clean and green foreign investment that provides technical skills, environmental technology development, and carbon-free processes.
  • 164
  • 18 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Collaborative Cybersecurity Networked Organisations
The requirements to the governance of collaborative networked organisations (CNOs) can be structured in 33 categories: Geographical Representation or exclusion; Supply chain security; Involvement of external stakeholders; Standards and methodologies; Representation on senior governance bodies; Decision making principles; Auditing; Dispute/conflict management arrangements; Confidentiality & Security; IPR management; Ethics code; Use of slave labour or labour of minors; Green policies; Gender policies and representation; Transparency; Accountability ; Anti-corruption/ integrity policies; Innovation; Adaptiveness; Cohesion; Trust; Sustainability; Resilience; Communication and engagement; Knowledge management; Long-term perspective on collaboration; Interoperability; Leadership; Organisational culture; Competences; Risk management; Evidence-based decision-making; and Competitiveness. As a result of a comprehensive study for CNOs in the field of cybersecurity these governance issues have been structured in two groups (of governance objectives and CNO features) and four tiers in terms of priority. While the governance categories are universally applicable, their prioritisation is relevant for CNOs in the field of cybersecurity.
  • 934
  • 28 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Collar
In finance, a collar is an option strategy that limits the range of possible positive or negative returns on an underlying to a specific range. A collar strategy is used as one of the ways to hedge against possible losses and it represents long put options financed with short call options. The collar combines the strategies of the protective put and the covered call.
  • 491
  • 24 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Color Saturation of Travel Pictures on Consumer Appeal
In the Internet era, online channels have contributed significantly to tourism marketing and promotion. Consumers will receive tourism information online to reduce information asymmetry. Moreover, with overwhelming levels of information, consumers may only get a limited amount of information. Visual design is essential among the various factors researchers have thoroughly investigated. Studies have recognized the importance of the color characteristics of travel photos on consumer decisions.
  • 150
  • 18 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Columbia Business School
Columbia Business School (CBS) is the business school of Columbia University in the City of New York in Manhattan, New York City . Established in 1916, Columbia Business School is one of the oldest business schools in the world. It is one of six Ivy League business schools, and is among the most selective of top business schools.
  • 2.0K
  • 11 Oct 2022
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