Subject:
All Disciplines Arts & Humanities Biology & Life Sciences Business & Economics Chemistry & Materials Science Computer Science & Mathematics Engineering Environmental & Earth Sciences Medicine & Pharmacology Physical Sciences Public Health & Healthcare Social Sciences
Sort:
Hottest Latest Alphabetical (A-Z) Alphabetical (Z-A)
Type:
All Topic Review Biography
Topic Review
Regulatory Focus and Consumers’ Attitudes toward Artificial Meat
While production and consumption of meat cast a shadow over the prospects for sustainable development, artificial meat may be the solution. However, consumer acceptability of artificial meat is a major impediment to its use as a suitable alternative. Here analyzed the relationship between regulatory focus and consumer acceptance of artificial meat using randomized controlled trial data. Results showed that promotion focus results in a higher acceptance of artificial meat products due to a higher perceived benefit and lower perceived risk, whereas prevention focus results in a lower acceptance of artificial meat products due to perceived benefit being lower and perceived risk being higher. The moderating effect of the message framing was investigated employing structural equation modeling (SEM). It was discovered that a gain-oriented message framing could greatly strengthen the association between promotion focus and perceived benefit, whereas an avoidance oriented message framing could significantly diminish the relationship between prevention focus and perceived risk. 
  • 629
  • 23 May 2022
Topic Review
Organizational Orientations
Organizational orientation is defined as an individual's predisposition toward work, motivation to work, job satisfaction, and ways of dealing with peers, subordinates, and supervisors on the job (Papa 2008). It can also be referred to the different ways people approach their roles in an organization and the different approaches people have toward work and the place of work in their lives (organizational orientations). Three organizational orientations have been identified as: upward mobile, indifferent, and ambivalent (Goodboy 2007). These three types of orientations are associated with organizational communication behavior and organizational outcomes such as employee job satisfaction and motivation. Presthus believed that these orientations results in employees having different orientations toward work itself, motivation to work, and job satisfaction (McCroskey 1998). These orientations are also believed to be traits, people will have these orientations regardless of the organization they are working for.
  • 628
  • 19 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Enhancing SMEs’ Resilience against COVID-19
COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant and multiple challenges for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). While SMEs have traditionally faced financial and non-financial crises, the pandemic has brought about additional uncertainties on how to maintain business continuity.
  • 627
  • 23 Jun 2021
Topic Review
Undue Influence
Undue influence (UI) is a psychological process by which a person's free will is supplanted by that of another. It is a legal term and the strict definition varies by jurisdiction. Generally speaking, it is a means by which a person gains control over their victim's decision making through tactics and unfair pressure, typically for financial gain. Historically, UI has been poorly understood, even in legal circles. Undue influence occurs behind closed doors and there are often no witnesses. UI is typically perpetrated by a person trusted by the victim and is dependent on them for emotional and physical needs. Anyone may be guilty of undue influence and is often a paid or unpaid caregiver, but may also be an attorney, accountant, nursing home attendant, neighbor, or even the victims' children. Undue influence is a process, not a single event; the influencer may spend weeks, months, or even years "grooming" and manipulating their victim. Anyone is susceptible to undue influence, but the elderly are particularly vulnerable. A distinction is made between the nature of capacity and undue influence. In assessing capacity, the practitioner evaluates an individual's ability to competently perform tasks (e.g., execute a will or give medical consent). These assessments give insight to the functioning of the cognitive capabilities at that moment in time. Conversely, screening for undue influence is focused on the process of events which occur over an extended period. To determine whether another person is leveraging unfair tactics on the victim, an assessment particular to undue influence is required. Undue influence occurs in various circumstances including: domestic violence, hostage situations, cults, prisoners of war, and dictatorships. The common theme among these situations is the aspect of psychological manipulation. Traumatic bonding occurs between the victim and the influencer, as a result, victims are unaware they're being manipulated and will often defend the perpetrator. Gaining independence from the influencer is required if the victim is to recover from the effects of UI, much like victim's of Stockholm syndrome, cults, and kidnapping. The effectiveness of cult tactics on young and healthy individuals illustrates that anyone, regardless of mental status, is a potential victim of UI under certain circumstances. Elderly Americans are living longer, and with this increased life expectancy, the prevalence of cognitive disorders associated with advanced age has also increased. A significant concentration of wealth is controlled by this aging demographic. As modern families become more complex and dispersed, and people are living longer, the likelihood of will contests involving undue influence is expected to increase.
  • 627
  • 18 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Carbon Emissions and Firm Performance
: This paper examines the effects of carbon emissions on the accounting and market-based performance of financial and non-financial firms in emerging economies. Data for 104 financial and 328 non-financial firms constituting 2591 observations operating in 22 emerging economies were collected from the Datastream database for the period 2011–2020. We applied OLS and 2SLS regression techniques to analyze the data. The results show that financial firms emit less carbon than their non-financial counterparts. The results further show that carbon emissions reduce firms’ return on equity, Tobin’s Q, Z-score, and credit rating. Our findings remain robust in different estimation techniques and alternative proxies of performance. Our results have some important policy implications for emerging economies.
  • 626
  • 17 Dec 2021
Topic Review
Slow City Concept in Cittaslow
The slow city concept is associated with great care for the protection of the natural environment and the use of renewable energy sources.
  • 626
  • 04 Jan 2022
Topic Review
SAS
SAS (previously "Statistical Analysis System") is a statistical software suite developed by SAS Institute for data management, advanced analytics, multivariate analysis, business intelligence, criminal investigation, and predictive analytics. SAS was developed at North Carolina State University from 1966 until 1976, when SAS Institute was incorporated. SAS was further developed in the 1980s and 1990s with the addition of new statistical procedures, additional components and the introduction of JMP. A point-and-click interface was added in version 9 in 2004. A social media analytics product was added in 2010.
  • 626
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Knowledge Management Criteria in the Banking Industry
Banks’ performance and profitability were influenced significantly by the COVID-19 pandemic. Facing the impact and challenges derived from the pandemic, some responsive measures needed to be adopted by the banking industry. Supported by successful sustainability performance and a competitive advantage, accurate knowledge management could help organizations to survive future pandemics.
  • 625
  • 12 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Marine Economics and Resources
Along with scientific and technological developments and the increasing scope of human activities, the importance of marine resources, the marine environment, marine space, and strategies regarding marine management have been gradually realized by countries worldwide. Due to their ecological and economic value, marine resources have always been, and remain, a dynamic force for human survival and development, and the value the ocean generates continues to increase. Marine research includes a combination of economic, social, and ecological elements. When exploiting and utilizing marine resources, people must not only consider economic objectives but also evaluate how that exploitation and utilization influences the local natural environment. Moreover, influences on society, the economy, and the environment after resource exploitation should also be preliminarily evaluated.
  • 624
  • 06 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Corporate Social and Financial Performance
The effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on agency problems can be explained from two perspectives. If managers use CSR activities to reduce information asymmetry between managers and shareholders, CSR activities will also alleviate the agency problem between managers and shareholders. Therefore, the interests between managers and shareholders will align in firms where the agency problem is low, and the manager’s efforts on CSR will increase corporate financial performance (CFP). On the other hand, if managers use CSR activities as an opportunistic tool to promote information asymmetry, CSR activities will intensify the agency problem. The interests between managers and shareholders are conflicted in firms where the agency problem has deepened, and the manager’s efforts on CSR will lower CFP. Consequently, the effect of corporate social performance (CSP) on CFP will vary depending on managerial incentives to engage in CSR activities.
  • 622
  • 20 Jul 2021
  • Page
  • of
  • 167
Featured Entry Collections
>>

Featured Books

>>
Encyclopedia of Social Sciences
Encyclopedia of COVID-19
Encyclopedia of Fungi
Encyclopedia of Digital Society, Industry 5.0 and Smart City
Video Production Service
Feedback