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Topic Review
Grievance Studies Affair
The Grievance Studies affair, also referred to as "hoax" or the "Sokal Squared" scandal (in reference to a similar 1996 hoax), was an attempt by a team of three authors (James A. Lindsay, Peter Boghossian, and Helen Pluckrose) to create bogus academic papers and submit them to academic journals with the intent of testing the strength of the editorial and peer review process. The hoax began in 2017 and ended in 2018. The authors targeted the academic areas of cultural, race, gender, fat, and sexuality studies in which they believed poor science was undermining the field, which they collectively refer to as "grievance studies". The project was halted early after one of the papers was criticized on social media, then its authenticity questioned on Campus Reform, and finally the hoax being more broadly exposed by the Wall Street Journal in 2018 alongside a YouTube video created and released by documentary filmmaker Mike Nayna. By the time of the reveal, four of their 20 papers had been published, one had won an award, three had been accepted but not yet published, six had been rejected, and seven were still under review.
  • 3.8K
  • 08 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Ground Beetle Communities and Urbanization
Urbanization involves the profound alteration of original habitats and causes habitat loss and biodiversity decline. Urban areas and roads in land use mainly have a negative influence on ground beetles. Paddies, fields, parks and green spaces, and open space were positively correlated with species richness of forest species and large-sized species, and open space was positively correlated with species richness and the density of open land species. However, ground beetle communities in different areas of varying sizes did not group separately. These results suggest that changes in paddies, fields, parks and green spaces, forests, and open space associated with the expanding urban area and road greatly influenced species composition, and the community structure remained similar. 
  • 555
  • 10 Jul 2021
Topic Review
Group Work
Group work is a form of voluntary association of members benefiting from cooperative learning, that enhances the total output of the activity than when done individually. It aims to cater for individual differences, develop skills (e.g. communication skills, collaborative skills, critical thinking skills), generic knowledge and socially acceptable attitudes or to generate conforming standards of behavior and judgement, a "group mind". Specifically in psychotherapy and social work, "group work" refers to group therapy, offered by a practitioner trained in psychotherapy, psychoanalysis, counseling or other relevant discipline. The field of Social work includes all voluntary attempts to extend benefits in response to a bio-psycho-social needs and avails them through scientific knowledge and structured methods. There are six approaches in Social Work:
  • 2.5K
  • 31 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Group-Based Assessments to Improve the Job-Readiness
Group-based assessments have been recognized as one of the ways of developing work-ready attributes in project management graduates. Tasks should be based on a real-world context and be sufficiently challenging for students. The group should create a team charter to establish expectations and ground rules for group members. Group assessments should include team member peer evaluations and oral presentations to curb social loafing. Academics should be actively involved in giving regular feedback, training students about teamwork, and communicating their expectations to students. The research findings are useful to inform project management academics about the design and administration characteristics that need to be considered to achieve the ultimate purpose of group-based assessments in polishing the job-readiness attributes of project management graduates. 
  • 350
  • 26 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Group-Focused Transformational Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior
The advent of organizational citizenship behavior can be attributed to many factors, with transformational leadership serving as a notable determinant. Transformational leaders adeptly articulate the organization’s vision to its employees, bolstering employee identification through the presentation of attainable prospects.
  • 291
  • 02 Nov 2023
Topic Review
GSIS-Meralco Bribery Case
The GSIS-Meralco case is a political controversy and pending legal case being heard by the Supreme Court of the Philippines. This complex case began with a complaint filed by the Philippines' Government Service Insurance System (GSIS) with the Securities and Exchange Commission of the Philippines (SEC) questioning the unvalidated proxy votes used by the Lopez family in a board election of the Manila Electric Company (Meralco). The SEC issued a cease and desist order (CDO) against Meralco, which was ignored by the latter. A show cause order (SCO) was then issued by the SEC, whereupon Meralco petitioned the Court of Appeals, questioning the jurisdiction of the SEC. The Court of Appeals issued a temporary restraining order (TRO) to the SEC while the Special 9th Division composed of Associate Justices Vicente Q. Roxas, Jose L. Sabio Jr. and Myrna Dimaranan Vidal heard the case. Roxas was assigned as the ponente while Sabio was the acting chairman. Later, Sabio called a press conference and alleged that an emissary of Meralco tried to bribe him with ₱10 million to have a case transferred to another appeals court justice. The criminal charges are obstruction of justice and malfeasance in office. Sabio did not mention any names, but businessman Francis de Borja stepped forward and claimed that he was the alleged emissary, accusing Sabio of asking for a ₱50 million bribe to side with Meralco, in response to De Borja's question “What will it take for you to resist the government’s offer?” The alleged government offer was a Supreme Court position. In the latter course of the investigation, Sabio let slip that his brother, Presidential Commission on Good Government (PCGG) Chairman Camilo Sabio, called him up twice to urge him to side favorably with the government. The late admission of the allegedly unethical and criminal action called into doubt the innocence of Sabio in coming forward with his expose and the veracity of his entire story. These acts are alleged to be punishable under Article 208 and 243 of the Revised Penal Code respectively. It also came out during the course of the Supreme Court investigation that Court of Appeals Justice Vicente Roxas, the ponente of the controversial Meralco decision, had himself committed improprieties. One such impropriety was that Roxas preempted the legal opinion of Presiding Justice Conrado Vasquez that the Special 9th Division should have ruled on the case as per the Internal Rules of the Court of Appeals (IRCA), and not the 8th Division to which Roxas was transferred, and which eventually promulgated a ruling in favor of Meralco, with Justices Reyes and Apolinario Bruselas hastily signing the ponencia without going over or reading the memoranda submitted by concerned parties. The Supreme Court, voting 12–1, ordered the dismissal of Roxas after he was found guilty of multiple violations of the canons of the Code of Judicial Conduct, grave misconduct, dishonesty, undue interest and conduct prejudicial to the best interest of service. Sabio was suspended for two months after he was found guilty of simple misconduct and conduct unbecoming of a justice of the CA. Vasquez was severely reprimanded “for his failure to act promptly and decisively in order to avert the incidence that damaged the image of the Court of Appeals,” Reyes was found guilty of simple misconduct with mitigating circumstance, and Vidal was found guilty of conduct unbecoming of a justice of the appellate court for being “too compliant" when she allowed herself to sign the decision without reading the parties’ memorandum.
  • 1.5K
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Guanxi in a non-Chinese working environment
 The primary objective was to find out the impact of GRX scale (ganqing, renqing, and xinren) on a non-Chinese working environment. Thus, to apply and ascertain the effect of the three dimensions of guanxi on employees’ engagement and, eventually, the job performance in an African working environment. The finding indicated that renqing, synonymous with mutual sharing or need for reciprocity, was highly significant with employee engagement and job performance. Hence, a win-win outcome is achieved whenever employers exhibit genuine concern and care for their employees. Additionally, there was a negative relationship between ganqing (emotional attachment) and employee engagement. It revealed that making decisions based on personal relationships will negatively affect employees’ engagement and job performance. 
  • 506
  • 08 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale
The Gudjonsson suggestibility scale (GSS) is a psychological test that measures suggestibility of a subject. It was created in 1983 by Icelandic psychologist Gísli Hannes Guðjónsson. It involves reading a short story to the subject and testing recall. This test has been used in court cases in several jurisdictions but has been the subject of various criticisms.
  • 2.8K
  • 03 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Gym-Goers’ Motivation to Exercise
To better understand the fitness industry, it is necessary to investigate how appearance and weight management motivations could influence gym-goers’ intention to exercise. Sedentary lifestyle contributes to greater health risks and hence physical exercise motivations becomes an important aspect to study. Beyond its direct managerial implication to fitness trainers and gyms, it would benefit the public sector, educational institutions, health philanthropists and also international organisations interested in the societal wellbeing agenda.
  • 1.1K
  • 15 Jul 2022
Topic Review
Habitus
In sociology, habitus refers to the set of deeply ingrained habits, dispositions, and cultural norms that individuals acquire through socialization and experience within their social environment. Developed by French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, habitus shapes individuals' perceptions, behaviors, and social interactions, influencing their tastes, preferences, and social positioning within society. It operates unconsciously, guiding individuals' actions and choices in ways that are often taken for granted but reflect their social background and position.
  • 522
  • 08 Feb 2024
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