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Topic Review
Value (Ethics)
In ethics, value denotes the degree of importance of some thing or action, with the aim of determining what actions are best to do or what way is best to live (normative ethics), or to describe the significance of different actions. Value systems are prospective and prescriptive beliefs; they affect ethical behavior of a person or are the basis of their intentional activities. Often primary values are strong and secondary values are suitable for changes. What makes an action valuable may in turn depend on the ethical values of the objects it increases, decreases or alters. An object with "ethic value" may be termed an "ethic or philosophic good" (noun sense). Values can be defined as broad preferences concerning appropriate courses of actions or outcomes. As such, values reflect a person's sense of right and wrong or what "ought" to be. "Equal rights for all", "Excellence deserves admiration", and "People should be treated with respect and dignity" are representatives of values. Values tend to influence attitudes and behavior and these types include ethical/moral values, doctrinal/ideological (religious, political) values, social values, and aesthetic values. It is debated whether some values that are not clearly physiologically determined, such as altruism, are intrinsic, and whether some, such as acquisitiveness, should be classified as vices or virtues.
  • 11.4K
  • 06 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Value
In social sciences, value refers to a deeply held belief or principle that guides individuals' attitudes, behaviors, and decision-making processes. Values are subjective and culturally influenced, reflecting what individuals consider important, desirable, or morally significant in their lives and interactions with others. They serve as guiding principles that shape social norms, institutions, and collective identities within society.
  • 430
  • 02 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Validity and Reliability of the Research Instrument
Questionnaire is one of the most widely used tools to collect data in especially social science research. The main objective of questionnaire in research is to obtain relevant information in most reliable and valid manner. Thus the accuracy and consistency of survey/questionnaire forms a significant aspect of research methodology which are known as validity and reliability. Often new researchers are confused with selection and conducting of proper validity type to test their research instrument (questionnaire/survey). 
  • 54.2K
  • 15 Mar 2022
Topic Review
Utilize Human Kinetic Energy for Sustainable Energy Generation
Renewable energy has become increasingly relevant in recent years as concerns about climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels have grown across the globe. The energy generated through exercise, sports, and other forms of physical exertion can be harnessed and used to generate electricity for homes, businesses, and even communities. This type of energy generation is becoming increasingly popular as a means of generating renewable energy and reducing our dependence on non-renewable sources of energy.
  • 840
  • 18 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Using Learning Gain to Evaluate Undergraduate Business Education
During the COVID-19 pandemic, universities across the globe replaced in-person teaching, with online teaching, because of widespread campus shutdowns. Through the application of a pre-existing learning gain model, it was possible to review the learning of one cohort of students receiving in-person teaching, and then the next cohort of students on the same course receiving the online teaching. Overall, a drop in perceived learning was reported from the cohort of students receiving online teaching. For female students, the most significant drop in learning related to practical understanding, whereas for male students, the most significant drop in learning related to theoretical knowledge.
  • 391
  • 30 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Ushguli in Tourism (Svaneti, Georgia)
The village community of Ushguli, located in the Upper Svaneti region in the North of Georgia, which attained UNESCO World Heritage status in 1996. Since around 2010, Ushguli has seen a step-by-step rise in tourism. Until now, it has found itself relatively unprepared to meet visitors’ interests and needs and cope with the diverse aspects of modern lifestyles.
  • 665
  • 13 May 2022
Topic Review
Use of Virtual Labs in the Tertiary Education
There is a growing demand for Virtual Laboratories (VLabs) in tertiary education to support remote, flexible, and equitable learning. Most of the universities in Australia offer distance education to students who do not attend on-campus classes. On-line labs allowing access via an internet connection can offer learners the required infrastructure to complete their lab tasks without attending physical lab facilities. The onset of COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 has seen further spike in demand for VLabs as accessing online lab facilities to undertake hands on activities from anywhere and anytime was imperative during lockdown periods.
  • 710
  • 02 Sep 2022
Topic Review
Use of UAVs and 3D Modeling in Planning
The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly referred to as drones, is a rapidly advancing technology. UAVs have become more accessible for urban planning and historic preservation due to their lower cost of acquisition and easier entry requirements for new pilots in comparison to airborne and satellite platforms. The use of 3D modeling has been prevalent in various fields; at present, an expanding trend involves the utilization of 3D modeling technology in the preservation of historical sites. It is possible that detailed and accurate representations of existing buildings could have ethical implications for the development of 3D models. As an example, researchers have pointed limitations or even misrepresentation of buildings in the creation of digital 3D representations. Drone photogrammetry offers enhanced methods to represent existing buildings with in more detail.
  • 298
  • 01 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Use of Mobile Digital Technology for Digital Equity
During the COVID-19 pandemic, remote online mobile teaching and learning were introduced, globally, to ensure that education continued. The transition to online mobile teaching and learning did not alter society’s expectation of education institutions to provide their students equitable, quality education and life-long learning opportunities so that they can become critical responsible citizens capable of solving contextual problems in their local. Mobile digital equity means that all students, irrespective of their socioeconomic and cultural background, locale or history, can participate and engage with mobile digital technologies to improve their opportunities in life.
  • 119
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Use of Force by States
The use of force by states is controlled by both customary international law and by treaty law. The UN Charter reads in article 2(4): This principle is now considered to be a part of customary international law, and has the effect of banning the use of armed force except for two situations authorized by the UN Charter. Firstly, the Security Council, under powers granted in articles 24 and 25, and Chapter VII of the Charter, may authorize collective action to maintain or enforce international peace and security. Secondly, Article 51 also states that: "Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inherent right to individual or collective self-defence if an armed attack occurs against a state." There are also more controversial claims by some states of a right of humanitarian intervention, reprisals and the protection of nationals abroad.
  • 757
  • 08 Oct 2022
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