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Biography
Heinrich Bürger
Heinrich Bürger (or: Heinrich Burger) (Hamelin, 29 February 1804, or 7 November 1804, or 20 January 1806 – Indramayu (Java) 25 March 1858) was a Germany physicist, biologist and botanist employed by the Dutch government, and an entrepreneur. He was important for the study of Japanese fauna and flora. Bürger's exact birth date is unknown. Bürger himself gave 29 February 1804. Most archiva
  • 870
  • 26 Dec 2022
Topic Review
TNM 02067
TNM 02067 (Tanzanian National Museums specimen 02067)[Note 1] is a fragmentary fossil dentary (lower jaw) from the Cretaceous (between 146 and 66 million years ago) of Tanzania. The short, deep bone is about 19.5 mm (0.77 in) long, but the back part is broken off. It contains a large, forward-inclined incisor with a root that extends deep into the jaw, separated by a diastema (gap) from five cheekteeth. Very little remains of the teeth, but enough to determine that they are hypsodont (high-crowned). The third cheektooth is the largest and the roots of the teeth are curved. First described in 2003, TNM 02067 has been tentatively identified as a sudamericid—an extinct family of high-crowned gondwanathere mammals otherwise known from South America, Madagascar, India, and Antarctica. If truly a gondwanathere, it would be the only African member of the group and may be the oldest. The describers could not exclude other possibilities, such as that the jaw represents some mammalian group known only from younger, Cenozoic times (less than 66 million years ago).
  • 867
  • 14 Oct 2022
Biography
Donald Keck
Donald B. Keck (born January 2, 1941) is an American research physicist and engineer most noted for his involvement in developing low-loss optical fiber. Keck grew up in Lansing, Michigan and attended Michigan State University, after which he joined Corning Incorporated’s research department. As a senior research scientist for Corning, Keck, along with Robert D. Maurer and Peter C. Schultz, de
  • 867
  • 23 Dec 2022
Biography
George Irving Bell
George Irving Bell (August 4, 1926 – May 28, 2000) was an American physicist,[1] biologist and mountaineer, and a grandson of John Joseph Seerley.[2] He died from complications of leukemia after surgery.[3] Bell received a bachelor's degree in physics from Harvard University in 1947. He studied theoretical physics with Hans Bethe at Cornell University, obtaining his doctorate in 1951.[4]
  • 864
  • 26 Dec 2022
Biography
Itzik Ben-Itzhak
Itzik Ben-Itzhak (born February 15, 1952) is a university distinguished professor of physics at Kansas State University. Ben-Itzhak is the director of Kansas State University's James R. Macdonald Laboratory and studies experimental atomic physics, molecular physics, and optical physics.[1] Ben-Itzhak was born in Jerusalem, Israel. He attended the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, where
  • 863
  • 09 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Acute Membranous Gingivitis
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) is a common, non-contagious infection of the gums with sudden onset. The main features are painful, bleeding gums, and ulceration of inter-dental papillae (the sections of gum between adjacent teeth). This disease, along with necrotizing (ulcerative) periodontitis (NP or NUP) is classified as a necrotizing periodontal disease, one of the seven general types of gum disease caused by inflammation of the gums (periodontitis). The often severe gum pain that characterizes ANUG distinguishes it from the more common chronic periodontitis which is rarely painful. If ANUG is improperly treated or neglected, it may become chronic and/or recurrent. The causative organisms are mostly anaerobic bacteria, particularly Fusobacteriota and spirochete species. Predisposing factors include poor oral hygiene, smoking, poor nutrition, psychological stress, and a weakened immune system. When the attachments of the teeth to the bone are involved, the term NUP is used. Treatment of ANUG is by removal of dead gum tissue and antibiotics (usually metronidazole) in the acute phase, and improving oral hygiene to prevent recurrence. Although the condition has a rapid onset and is debilitating, it usually resolves quickly and does no serious harm. The informal name trench mouth arose during World War I as many soldiers developed the disease, probably because of the poor conditions and extreme psychological stress.
  • 862
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Calyptranthes
Calyptranthes is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae. They are known commonly as lidflowers, spicewoods, and mountainbays. There are about 100 species. They are evergreen shrubs or small trees, growing to 5 meters tall. They have simple, opposite, evergreen leaves and clusters of small flowers lacking petals. The sepals are capped in bud by a lidlike cover, which is shed later. The fruit is a dry, berry-like, reddish brown. The bark is smooth to scaly and pale-white in color. The genus is widely distributed across the warmer parts of the Western Hemisphere, from Florida, Mexico and the Bahamas south to Uruguay. Fourteen species occur within the United States , (in Florida, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands).
  • 860
  • 09 Nov 2022
Biography
Ndidi Nnoli-Edozien
Ndidi Nnoli-Edozien Ph.D (born July 31, 1972) is a Nigerian social entrepreneur and corporate sustainability and responsibility (CSR) expert and Bottom of the Pyramid empowerment advocate. She is the Founder and President of the Growing Businesses Foundation, Nigeria's largest Bottom of the Pyramid platform which has been managing CSR Projects for multinational corporations. Her status as a soci
  • 858
  • 08 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Laventan
The Laventan (Spanish: Laventense) age is a period of geologic time (13.8 to 11.8 Ma) within the Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically with South American Land Mammal Ages. It follows the Colloncuran and precedes the Mayoan age.
  • 856
  • 07 Nov 2022
Biography
James H. Trainor
James H. Trainor (August 22, 1935 – October 4, 2003) was an American physicist. He was born in Lancaster, New Hampshire, the son of Peter D. and Bernice E. Trainor. He graduated in 1953 from Lancaster Academy, where he was the class valedictorian. He attended the University of New Hampshire in Durham, where he received a bachelor of science degree in physics in 1958 and a master's degree i
  • 856
  • 12 Dec 2022
Biography
Cormac O'Ceallaigh
Cormac O'Ceallaigh (29 July 1912 in Dublin – 10 October 1996 in Dublin) was an Irish physicist who worked in the fields of cosmic ray research and elementary particle physics.[1] He entered University College, Dublin (UCD) to study physics in 1930 and graduated with First Class Honours in Experimental Physics and Chemistry (Inorganic and Physical) in 1933. He got his MSc and an NUI Travell
  • 855
  • 14 Dec 2022
Biography
Jean-Gustave Bourbouze
Jean Gustave Bourbouze (Paris, September 7, 1825 - September 23, 1889) was a France engineer, manufacturer of precision instruments and a teacher of technical education. Jean Gustave Bourbouze began as a simple mechanic. He was chosen by the professors Claude Pouillet and César Despretz to succeed Jean Thiébault Silbermann as a physics and curator of the physics in the Faculty of Science of
  • 854
  • 26 Dec 2022
Biography
Viktor Ferdinand Brotherus
Viktor Ferdinand Brotherus (28 October 1849 – 9 February 1929), Finnish botanist who studied the mosses (Bryophyta), best known for authoring the treatment of 'Musci' in Engler and Prantl's Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien. Brotherus was born in Skarpans in Sund, Åland while Finland was under Russian rule. He had 13 brothers and sisters of whom six died young.[1] He took his Candidate of P
  • 851
  • 29 Dec 2022
Biography
John B. West
Professor John B. West FRCP (born 1928) is a noted respiratory physiologist who made major research contributions in the area of ventilation-perfusion relationships in the lung. West was born in Adelaide, Australia in 1928. He graduated in medicine (M.B.B.S., 1952) from the University of Adelaide, Australia. Subsequently he was awarded M.D. (1959) and D.Sc. (1980) degrees from the same univer
  • 848
  • 14 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Anterior Thoraco-Lumbar Dural Tear
Dural lacerations are relatively common findings in thoracic and lumbar spinal fractures. Differently from the posterior dural tears, the repair of the anterior ones is a challenge. Compared to all the documented strategies for obtaining a watertight closure of an anterior dural laceration, the coating techniques revealed advantages of preserving neural structures, being adaptable to anterior and antero-lateral dural tears of any size.
  • 846
  • 07 Sep 2021
Biography
Hans-Jürgen Treder
Hans-Jürgen Treder (born September 4, 1928 in Berlin, died November 18, 2006 in Potsdam) was a German theoretical physicist and in the GDR, specializing in general relativity (and its extensions), astrophysics, and cosmology. He also had an interest in the history of science and philosophy. Treder took an early interest in physics, displaying talent in the subject. As a student in 1944, he
  • 843
  • 12 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Olivella (Gastropod)
Olivella, common name the dwarf olives, is a genus of small predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Olivellinae of the family Olivellidae, the dwarf olives. Olivella is the type genus of the family.
  • 842
  • 25 Oct 2022
Biography
Patrick D. Gallagher
Patrick David Gallagher (born March 29, 1963) is an American physicist and the eighteenth chancellor of the University of Pittsburgh. He was formerly the 14th director of the U.S. Department of Commerce's National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and had served as the Acting United States Deputy Secretary of Commerce.[1] On February 8, 2014, he was named the Chancellor-elect of the U
  • 842
  • 08 Dec 2022
Biography
Ian McAllister
Ian McAllister FASSA FRSE (born 2 December 1950, Belfast, United Kingdom) is the Distinguished Professor of political science at the Australian National University. He earned his PhD in political science in 1976 from University of Strathclyde. He is a leading election specialist with a research focus on Australian politics which involves co-directing the Australian Election Study, a national sur
  • 841
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Boyce Thompson Arboretum State Park
Boyce Thompson Arboretum is the largest and oldest botanical garden in the state of Arizona. It is one of the oldest botanical institutions west of the Mississippi. Founded in 1924 as a desert plant research facility and “living museum”, the Arboretum is located in the Sonoran Desert on 392 acres (158.6 ha) along Queen Creek and beneath the towering volcanic remnant, Picketpost Mountain. Boyce Thompson Arboretum is on U.S. Highway 60, an hour's drive east from Phoenix and 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Superior, Arizona. The Arboretum has a visitor center, gift shop, research offices, greenhouses, a demonstration garden, picnic area, and a looping 1.5-mile (2.4 km) primary trail that leads visitors through various exhibits and natural areas. The exhibits include a cactus garden, palm and eucalyptus groves, an Australian exhibit, South American exhibit, aloe garden and an herb garden. There are also side trails such as the Chihuahuan Trail, Curandero Trail, and High Trail. Over 2600 species of arid land plants from around the world grow at the Arboretum. Agaves, aloes, boojum trees, cork oaks, jujube trees, legume trees, and, in the Eucalyptus grove, one of the largest red gum Eucalyptus trees ("Mr. Big") in the United States. Cacti and succulents grow extensively throughout the Arboretum. Because the BTA is a riparian zone, the park attracts Sonoran Desert wildlife and migrating birds. Visitors have seen bobcats, javelinas, coatimundis, rattlesnakes, gila monsters, hawks, hummingbirds, and vultures. 270 bird species have been spotted in the park and the Audubon Society has designated the Arboretum as an Important Bird Area. Currently the Arboretum has 5,000 members and attracts over 75,000 people annually.
  • 839
  • 18 Oct 2022
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