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Topic Review
Natural Protective Products for Protecting Plants against Insects
Plant protection against insects relies on four main pillars: prevention and biological, chemical, and physical action. The use of chemical insecticides, a common practice, should be avoided unless all other methods have failed due to their potential negative impact on both humans and the environment.
  • 792
  • 18 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Genetic Transformation of Forest Trees
Forests represent a vital natural resource and play a crucial role in climate regulation and maintaining biodiversity. However, the growth and development of forest trees are increasingly challenged by rising environmental pressures, particularly detrimental abiotic stressors. To address these challenges, genetic transformation technologies have emerged as effective solutions. Despite various difficulties in genetic transformation for forest trees, including prolonged life cycles, genetic diversity, interspecies variations, and complex regeneration systems, significant research progress has been achieved in tree gene editing, transgenic technology, and methods for delivering exogenous molecules. These technologies have the potential to enhance tree quality, increase productivity, and improve resistance to abiotic stress. 
  • 688
  • 21 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Genetic Monitoring of Hemiboreal Tree Dynamics
Observed climate change (CC) has already led to a wide range of impacts on environmental systems, forests, economies, and human health in Europe. These impacts vary across main biogeographical regions in Europe depending on climatic, geographic, and socio-economic conditions. Forests are characterized by the development of contiguous communities of trees sufficiently uniform in composition, structure, age, size, class, distribution, spatial arrangement, site quality, condition, or location to distinguish them from adjacent communities created by human intervention. Human impact on tree species occurs directly through population transfer, regeneration, and the silvicultural regimes applied, and this impact is large as it lasts for centuries.
  • 687
  • 25 Aug 2022
Topic Review
Epigenetic Mechanisms of Tree Responses to Climatic Changes
Forest trees are complex perennial organisms that are adapted to the local environment as a result of prevailing climate conditions in population history. Because they lead a sedentary lifestyle, plants are exposed to various environmental stimuli, such as changes which can lead to the rapid adjustment or failure of their defence mechanisms. As forests play a crucial role in environmental homeostasis and are the source of many products, it is crucial to estimate the position of forest trees’ plasticity mechanisms in the face of climate change. Fast epigenetic adjustment is the basis for surviving climate fluctuations, however, the question is whether this mechanism will also be efficient if climate fluctuations increase. Epigenetic modifications enable rapid reactions to the inducing stimulus by establishing chromatin patterns and manipulating gene expression without affecting the DNA itself.
  • 678
  • 18 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Restoring Natural Forests for Water Quality and Abundance
Deep rooted native forests are the most efficient land-covers for achieving water quality and abundance and for mitigating climate extremes at continents
  • 669
  • 26 Jan 2022
Topic Review
Overwinter Storage of Planting Material
Overwinter storage of planting material, i.e., its storage over one period of dormancy, is becoming an increasingly important and costly part of nursery production. Planting stock is usually left over the winter in soil (bare-rooted plants) or at a holding area (containerized plants), and then lifted up and planted in the spring. Due to climate change, the period for spring forestation is shortening, which, with the growing volume of forest nursery production and the time−consuming nature of spring work, leads not only to autumn forestation but also to the storage of planting material lifted up in autumn. Prior to storage, the plants are prepared for dispatch from the nursery and placed under conditions designated for this purpose until the time of spring forestation.
  • 658
  • 22 Sep 2021
Topic Review
Benefits of Wood Carbon to Net-Zero Carbon Targets
Carbon stored in harvested wood products (HWPs) can play an important role in climate change mitigation and needs to be accounted for accurately and consistently. Carbon stored in harvested wood products (HWP) is an important component of global and national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories and can mitigate climate change by offsetting carbon emissions through carbon storage, materials substitution, and fossil energy displacement. HWPs include all wood-derived products, in the form of raw materials, semi-finished products, finished products, or final use.
  • 652
  • 17 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Gravity in Salix matsudana (Koidz)
The study of the gravity response of roots and shoots is of great significance when exploring the polarity of plants and the development of the forest industry. 
  • 629
  • 21 Dec 2021
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