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Topic Review
Pseudohermaphroditism
Pseudohermaphroditism (also spelled pseudo-hermaphroditism) is an old clinical term for an organism that is born with primary sex characteristics of one sex but develops the secondary sex characteristics that are different from what would be expected on the basis of the gonadal tissue (ovary or testis). It can be contrasted with the term true hermaphroditism, which described a condition where testicular and ovarian tissue were present in the same individual. This language has fallen out of favor due to misconceptions and pejorative connotations associated with the terms, and also a shift to nomenclature based on genetics. The term male pseudo-hermaphrodite was used when a testis is present, and the term female pseudo-hermaphrodite was used when an ovary is present. In some cases, external sex organs associated with pseudohermaphroditism look intermediate between a typical clitoris and penis. In other cases, the external sex organs have an appearance that would be expected to be seen with the "opposite" gonadal tissue. Because of this, pseudohermaphroditism is sometimes not identified until puberty or adulthood. Associated conditions include 5-α-reductase deficiency and androgen insensitivity syndrome.
  • 2.1K
  • 16 Nov 2022
Biography
Patricia Cladis
Patricia Cladis (1937 - July 3, 2017) was a Canadian American physicist specializing in the physics of liquid crystals. She was a research physicist at Bell Labs beginning in 1972. She was a fellow of the American Physical Society and also received a Guggenheim fellowship. Cladis was born in Shanghai.[1] She attended high school at Little Flower Academy in Vancouver, BC, graduating in 1955. I
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  • 13 Dec 2022
Biography
Meredith L. Patterson
Meredith L. Patterson (born April 30, 1977[1]) is an American technologist, science fiction writer, and journalist. She has spoken at numerous industry conferences on a wide range of topics.[2] She is also a blogger and software developer, and a leading figure[3] in the biopunk movement. Patterson lived in and around Houston for 24 years before moving to Iowa City, Iowa, to pursue her Master'
  • 2.1K
  • 25 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Artemisia Argentea
Artemisia /ˌɑːrtɪˈmiːziə/ is a large, diverse genus of plants with between 200 and 400 species belonging to the daisy family Asteraceae. Common names for various species in the genus include mugwort, wormwood, and sagebrush. Artemisia comprises hardy herbaceous plants and shrubs, which are known for the powerful chemical constituents in their essential oils. Artemisia species grow in temperate climates of both hemispheres, usually in dry or semiarid habitats. Notable species include A. vulgaris (common mugwort), A. tridentata (big sagebrush), A. annua (sagewort), A. absinthium (wormwood), A. dracunculus (tarragon), and A. abrotanum (southernwood). The leaves of many species are covered with white hairs. Most species have strong aromas and bitter tastes from terpenoids and sesquiterpene lactones, which discourage herbivory, and may have had a selective advantage. The small flowers are wind-pollinated. Artemisia species are used as food plants by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species. Some botanists split the genus into several genera, but DNA analysis does not support the maintenance of the genera Crossostephium, Filifolium, Neopallasia, Seriphidium, and Sphaeromeria; three other segregate genera -- Stilnolepis, Elachanthemum, and Kaschgaria -- are maintained by this evidence. Occasionally, some of the species are called sages, causing confusion with the Salvia sages in the family Lamiaceae.
  • 2.1K
  • 04 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Hedgehogs in Culture
Hedgehogs have appeared widely in popular and folk culture.
  • 2.1K
  • 31 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Hoya
Hoya is a genus of 200–300 species of tropical plants in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae. Most are native to several countries of Asia such as China , India , Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Indonesia. There is a great diversity of species in the Philippines , and species in Polynesia, New Guinea, and Australia . Common names for this genus are waxplant, waxvine, waxflower or simply hoya. This genus was named by botanist Robert Brown, in honour of his friend, botanist Thomas Hoy.
  • 2.1K
  • 29 Nov 2022
Biography
Frances E. Allen
Frances Elizabeth "Fran" Allen (born August 4, 1932) is an American computer scientist and pioneer in the field of optimizing compilers.[1][2][3] Allen was the first female IBM Fellow and in 2006 became the first woman to win the Turing Award.[4] Her achievements include seminal work in compilers, program optimization, and parallelization.[5] Since 2002, she has been a Fellow Emerita from IBM.[6
  • 2.1K
  • 24 Nov 2022
Biography
Joseph Polchinski
Joseph Gerard Polchinski Jr.[1] (May 16, 1954 – February 2, 2018) was an American theoretical physicist and string theorist.[2][3] Polchinski was born in White Plains, New York, the elder of two children to Joseph Gerard Polchinski Sr. (1929–2002),[4] a financial consultant and manager, and Joan (née Thornton), an office worker and homemaker.[5] Polchinski is primarily of Irish descent w
  • 2.1K
  • 28 Nov 2022
Biography
Phil Zuckerman
Philip Joseph Zuckerman[1] (born June 26, 1969), known as Phil Zuckerman, is a professor of sociology and secular studies at Pitzer College in Claremont, California. He specializes in the sociology of secularity.[2][3][4] He is the author of several books, including Society Without God (2008) for which he won ForeWord Magazine's silver book of the year award, and Faith No More (2011).[5][6] B
  • 2.1K
  • 01 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Post-canine Megadontia
Post-canine megadontia is a relative enlargement of the molars and premolars compared to the size of the incisors and canines. This phenomenon is seen in some early hominid ancestors such as Paranthropus aethiopicus.
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  • 01 Nov 2022
Biography
Tom Blundell
Sir Thomas Leon Blundell, FRS FRSC FMedSci MAE (born 7 July 1942) is a British biochemist, structural biologist, and science administrator. He was a member of the team of Dorothy Hodgkin that solved in 1969 the first structure of a protein hormone, insulin. Blundell has made contributions to the structural biology of polypeptide hormones, growth factors, receptor activation, signal transduction,
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  • 06 Dec 2022
Biography
Deborah Harkness
Deborah Harkness (born 1965) is an American scholar, novelist and wine enthusiast, best known as a historian and as the author of the "All Souls" Trilogy, which consists of The New York Times best selling novel A Discovery of Witches and its sequels Shadow of Night and The Book of Life. Born in 1965, Harkness grew up near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the daughter of an American-born father an
  • 2.1K
  • 15 Nov 2022
Biography
Allan Wilson
Allan Charles Wilson (18 October 1934 – 21 July 1991) was a Professor of Biochemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, a pioneer in the use of molecular approaches to understand evolutionary change and reconstruct phylogenies, and a revolutionary contributor to the study of human evolution. He was one of the most controversial figures in post-war biology; his work attracted a great d
  • 2.1K
  • 18 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Felicia (Genus)
Felicia is a genus of small shrubs, perennial or annual herbaceous plants, with 85 known species, that is assigned to the daisy family (Compositae or Asteraceae). Like in almost all Asteraceae, the individual flowers are 5-merous, small and clustered in typical heads, and which are surrounded by an involucre of, in this case between two and four whorls of, bracts. In Felicia, the centre of the head is taken by yellow, seldomly whitish or blackish blue disc florets, and is almost always surrounded by one single whorl of mostly purple, sometimes blue, pink, white or yellow ligulate florets and rarely ligulate florets are absent. These florets sit on a common base (or receptacle) and are not individually subtended by a bract (or palea). Most species occur in the Cape Floristic Region, which is most probably the area where the genus originates and had most of its development. Some species can be found in the eastern half of Africa up to Sudan and the south-western Arabian peninsula, while on the west coast species can be found from the Cape to Angola and one species having outposts on the Cameroon-Nigeria border and central Nigeria. Some species of Felicia are cultivated as ornamentals and several hybrids have been developed for that purpose.
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  • 21 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Pomphorhynchus Laevis
Pomphorhynchus laevis is an endo-parasitic acanthocephalan worm, with a complex life cycle, that can modify the behaviour of its intermediate host, the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex. P. laevis does not contain a digestive tract and relies on the nutrients provided by its host species. In the fish host this can lead to the accumulation of lead in P. laevis by feeding on the bile of the host species.
  • 2.1K
  • 21 Oct 2022
Biography
Robert H. Dicke
Robert Henry Dicke (/ˈdɪki/; May 6, 1916 – March 4, 1997) was an American physicist who made important contributions to the fields of astrophysics, atomic physics, cosmology and gravity.[1] Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Dicke completed his bachelor's degree at Princeton University and his doctorate, in 1939, from the University of Rochester in nuclear physics. During the Second World War h
  • 2.1K
  • 06 Dec 2022
Biography
Anne Treisman
Anne Marie Treisman (née Taylor; 27 February 1935[1] – 9 February 2018)[2][3][4] was an English psychologist who specialised in cognitive psychology. Treisman researched visual attention, object perception, and memory. One of her most influential ideas is the feature integration theory of attention, first published with Garry Gelade in 1980. Treisman taught at the University of Oxford, Unive
  • 2.1K
  • 18 Nov 2022
Biography
Dennis W. Sciama
Dennis William Siahou Sciama, FRS (/ʃiˈæmə/; 18 November 1926 – 18/19 December 1999)[1][2] was a British physicist who, through his own work and that of his students, played a major role in developing British physics after the Second World War.[3][4] He was the Ph.D supervisor to many famous cosmologists, including Stephen Hawking, Martin Rees and David Deutsch; he is considered one of the
  • 2.0K
  • 07 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Pudú
The pudus (Mapudungun püdü or püdu, Spanish: pudú, Spanish pronunciation: [puˈðu]) are two species of South American deer from the genus Pudu, and are the world's smallest deer. The name is a loanword from Mapudungun, the language of the indigenous Mapuche people of central Chile and south-western Argentina. The two species of pudus are the northern pudu (Pudu mephistophiles) from Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, and the southern pudu (Pudu puda; sometimes incorrectly modified to Pudu pudu) from southern Chile and south-western Argentina . Pudus range in size from 32 to 44 centimeters (13 to 17 in) tall, and up to 85 centimeters (33 in) long. The southern pudu is currently classified as near threatened, while the northern pudu is classified as Data Deficient in the IUCN Red List.
  • 2.0K
  • 22 Nov 2022
Biography
Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda
Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda (c. 1900 – 3 November 1977) was a Bangladeshi[1] organic chemist, educationist and writer.[2] He founded the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. From 1969 till 1972, he served as the president of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences. After the independence of Bangladesh, as a chairman of the National Education Commission, he published a report named
  • 2.0K
  • 15 Nov 2022
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