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Office, E.E. Long-Distance Dependency. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/61492 (accessed on 12 November 2026).
Office EE. Long-Distance Dependency. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/61492. Accessed November 12, 2026.
Office, Encyclopedia Editorial. "Long-Distance Dependency" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/61492 (accessed November 12, 2026).
Office, E.E. (2026, October 26). Long-Distance Dependency. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/61492
Office, Encyclopedia Editorial. "Long-Distance Dependency." Encyclopedia. Web. 26 October, 2026.

Long-Distance Dependency

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A long-distance dependency is a syntactic relationship between two linguistic elements that are separated by one or more intervening constituents or clauses [1][2]. Such dependencies occur when an element is interpreted in relation to a position that is not adjacent to it in the surface structure, as in wh-movement, relative-clause formation, and certain types of filler–gap constructions [1][2]. The analysis of long-distance dependencies addresses how grammatical relationships are represented across structural boundaries, including the constraints governing their formation and interpretation.

Long-distance dependency Filler–gap dependency Syntactic dependency Wh-movement
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References

  1. Coppe van Urk; Successive Cyclicity and the Syntax of Long-Distance Dependencies. Annu. Rev. Linguist. 2020, 6, 111-130. [CrossRef]
  2. Mary Dalrymple; John J. Lowe; Louise Mycock. Long-distance dependencies; Oxford University Press (OUP): Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom, 2019; pp. 652-725. [CrossRef]
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Subjects: Language & Linguistics
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Update Date: 26 Oct 2026
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