A long-distance dependency is a syntactic relationship between two linguistic elements that are separated by one or more intervening constituents or clauses ^[1][2]. Such dependencies occur when an element is interpreted in relation to a position that is not adjacent to it in the surface structure, as in wh-movement, relative-clause formation, and certain types of filler–gap constructions ^[1][2]. The analysis of long-distance dependencies addresses how grammatical relationships are represented across structural boundaries, including the constraints governing their formation and interpretation.