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Zhong, J. Electrospraying. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/61203 (accessed on 09 November 2026).
Zhong J. Electrospraying. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/61203. Accessed November 09, 2026.
Zhong, Jack. "Electrospraying" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/61203 (accessed November 09, 2026).
Zhong, J. (2026, October 21). Electrospraying. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/61203
Zhong, Jack. "Electrospraying." Encyclopedia. Web. 21 October, 2026.

Electrospraying

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Electrospraying disperses a liquid into fine droplets by charging it at a nozzle and letting the electrostatic repulsion overcome the surface tension. The cone-jet mode gives the narrowest droplet distribution, and it exists only within a window of flow rate and applied voltage [1]. The droplet size scales with the flow rate and with the conductivity of the liquid, so a change in formulation shifts the operating window [2]. Because the droplets dry quickly, a dissolved polymer forms a particle and a dispersion forms a capsule with a core [3]. The process runs at ambient temperature, which is what makes it suitable for a heat-sensitive active [4]. The throughput per nozzle is low, and scaling up requires an array of nozzles rather than a larger one [5].

electrohydrodynamic atomization cone-jet mode droplet size encapsulation ambient processing throughput charged droplet
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References

  1. Yao, J.; Kuang Lim, L.; Xie, J.; Hua, J.; Wang, C.H. Characterization of electrospraying process for polymeric particle fabrication. Journal of Aerosol Science 2008, 39, 987-1002. [CrossRef]
  2. Castro Coelho, S.; Nogueiro Estevinho, B.; Rocha, F. Encapsulation in food industry with emerging electrohydrodynamic techniques: Electrospinning and electrospraying – A review. Food Chemistry 2021, 339, 127850. [CrossRef]
  3. Mirarab, A.; Assadpour, E.; Jafari, S.M. Encapsulation of probiotics via electrospraying technology; Fundamentals, analysis, techniques, and applications. Future Foods 2026, 13, 100897. [CrossRef]
  4. Berraquero-García, C.; Martínez-Sánchez, L.; Guadix, E.M.; García-Moreno, P.J. Encapsulation of Tenebrio molitor Hydrolysate with DPP-IV Inhibitory Activity by Electrospraying and Spray-Drying. Nanomaterials 2024, 14, 840. [CrossRef]
  5. Oikonomopoulou, V.; Stramarkou, M.; Plakida, A.; Krokida, M. Optimization of encapsulation of stevia glycosides through electrospraying and spray drying. Food Hydrocolloids 2022, 131, 107854. [CrossRef]
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Subjects: Food Science & Technology
Contributor MDPI registered users' name will be linked to their SciProfiles pages. To register with us, please refer to https://encyclopedia.pub/register : Jack Zhong
View Times: 4
Entry Collection: Polymer Concepts
Revisions: 2 times (View History)
Update Date: 23 Oct 2026
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