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HandWiki. Live, Virtual, and Constructive. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/37802 (accessed on 25 September 2026).
HandWiki. Live, Virtual, and Constructive. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/37802. Accessed September 25, 2026.
HandWiki. "Live, Virtual, and Constructive" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/37802 (accessed September 25, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, December 02). Live, Virtual, and Constructive. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/37802
HandWiki. "Live, Virtual, and Constructive." Encyclopedia. Web. 02 December, 2022.
Live, Virtual, and Constructive
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Live, Virtual, & Constructive (LVC) Simulation is a broadly used taxonomy for classifying Models and Simulation (M&S). However, categorizing a simulation as a live, virtual, or constructive environment is problematic since there is no clear division between these categories. The degree of human participation in a simulation is infinitely variable, as is the degree of equipment realism. The categorization of simulations also lacks a category for simulated people working real equipment.

simulation models simulations

References

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  2. "Policy, information and guidance on the Modelling and Simulation aspects of UK MOD Defence Acquisition version 1.0.3 - May 2010", "Archived copy". http://www.aof.mod.uk/aofcontent/tactical/mands/content/lvc_integration.htm. 
  3. "Eurosim: Eurosim". http://www.eurosim.info/. 
  4. Strategic Vision for DOD Modeling and Simulation; http://www.msco.mil/files/Strategic_Vision_Goals.pdf, 2007
  5. “Modeling and Simulation Master Plan”, DoD 5000.59P, Oct 1995, http://www.everyspec.com/DoD/DoD-PUBLICATIONS/DoD5000--59_P_2258/
  6. Henninger, Amy E., Cutts, Dannie, Loper, Margaret, et al., “Live Virtual Constructive Architecture Roadmap (LVCAR) Final Report”, Institute for Defense Analysis, Sept. 2008, "Archived copy". http://www.msco.mil/files/MSCO%20Online%20Library/LVCAR%20-%201%20of%205%20-%20Final%20Report%20-%2020090814.pdf. 
  7. Miller, D. C.; Thorpe, J. A. (1995). SIMNET: the advent of simulator networking; Proceedings of the IEEE Volume: 83 Issue: 8 Aug 1995 Page(s): 1114-1123, cited in Henniger, Amy, et al., "Live Virtual Constructive Architecture Roadmap Final report"
  8. Weatherly, Richard M.; Wilson, Annette L.; Canova, Bradford S.; Page, Ernest H.; Zabek, Anita A.; Fischer, Mary C. (1996). "Proceedings of HICSS-29: 29th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences". Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences.. pp. 407. doi:10.1109/HICSS.1996.495488. ISBN 978-0-8186-7324-5.  https://archive.org/details/proceedingsoftwe0000annu/page/407
  9. Murray,Robert;"DIS Overview and Version 7 Information", SISO; http://www.sisostds.org/DesktopModules/Bring2mind/DMX/Download.aspx?Command=Core_Download&EntryId=29289&PortalId=0&TabId=105
  10. Hudges, Ed; The Test and Training Enabling Architecture (TENA) Enabling Interchangeability Among Ranges, Facilities, and Simulations;"Archived copy". http://www.sapmea.asn.au/conventions/sete2010/downloads/Tutorial%20F.pdf. 
  11. Powell, E.; Range System Interchangeability. In the Proceedings of Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation, and Education Conference (I/ITSEC); 2005
  12. Powell, E. T., and J. R. Noseworthy (2012) “The Test and Training Enabling Architecture (TENA)”. In Engineering Principles of Combat Modeling and Distributed Simulation, edited by A. Tolk, Chapter 20, pp. 449–477. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  13. "COMBAT TRAINING CENTER - INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEM", PEO STRI; http://www.peostri.army.mil/combat-training-center-instrumentation-system-ctc-is-
  14. Steinman,Jeffrey;"A Proposed Open System Architecture for Modeling and Simulation";presentation to JPEO; 2007;http://www.dtic.mil/ndia/2007cbis/wednesday/steinmanWed430.pdf
  15. Wallace, Jeffrey W.; Hannibal, Barbara J. (2006). "A Naturalistic Approach to Complex, Intelligent System Development and Integration". 2. 
  16. Bernard Zeigler, Saurabh Mittal, Xiaolin Hu; "Towards a Formal Standard for Interoperability in M&S/System of Systems Integration", AFCEA-George Mason University Symposium, May 2008;"Archived copy". http://c4i.gmu.edu/events/reviews/2008/papers/2_Zeigler_Mittal_Hu.pdf. 
  17. Patenaude, A;"Study on the Effectiveness of Modeling and Simulation in the Weapon System Acquisition Process";SAIC for the Director, Test, Systems Engineering and Evaluation Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Logistics and Technology; 1996; http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA327774&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf
  18. Funaro, Gregory, “Measures of Effectiveness for Live, Virtual, Constructive Integrated Architectures”, 09F-SIW-028 , SISO Conference, 2009;
  19. "SEI Digital Library". http://www.sei.cmu.edu/uls/. 
  20. Chungman Seo, Bernard P. Zeigler;"DEVS NAMESPACE FOR INTEROPERABLE DEVS/SOA";Proceedings of the 2009 Winter Simulation Conference; "Archived copy". http://www.acims.arizona.edu/PUBLICATIONS/PDF/2009/WSC_interoperability_6_1.pdf. 
  21. Zeigler, B. P., Kim, T.G., and Praehofer, H., Theory of Modeling and Simulation, New York, NY, Academic Press, 2000.
  22. Petty, M.D. and Weisel, E.W. (2003). A Composability Lexicon. Proceedings IEEE Spring Simulation Interoperability Workshop, IEEE CS Press; http://www.cs.virginia.edu/~rgb2u/03S-SIW-023.doc
  23. Davis, P.K. and Anderson, R.H. (2003). Improving the Composability of Department of Defense Models and Simulations. RAND Corporation http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/2004/RAND_MG101.pdf
  24. Simon J. E Taylor, Azam Khan, Katherine L. Morse, Andreas Tolk, Levent Yilmaz, Justyna Zander, and Pieter J. Mosterman (2015): “Grand Challenges for Modeling and Simulation: Simulation Everywhere - From Cyberinfrastructure to Clouds to Citizens,” SIMULATION Vol.91, pp. 648-665, DOI: 10.1177/0037549715590594
  25. Page, E.H., Briggs, R., and Tufarolo, J.A. (2004). Toward a Family of Maturity Models for the Simulation Interconnection Problem. Proceedings of the Spring 2004 Simulation Interoperability Workshop, IEEE CS Press
  26. Tolk, A. (2010). Interoperability and Composability. Chapter 12 in J.A. Sokolowski and C.M. Banks (Eds): Modeling and Simulation Fundamentals - Theoretical Underpinnings and Practical Domains, John Wiley, 403-433
  27. AEgis;Metrics for Modeling and Simulation (M&S) Investments, REPORT No. TJ-042608-RP013;2008;http://www.msco.mil/files/MSCO%20Online%20Library/MSCO%20-%20Metrics%20for%20M&S%20Investments%20-%20Final%20Report.pdf
  28. Kelly, Michael J., Ratcliff, Allen, and Phillips, Mark, "The Application of Live, Virtual and Constructive Simulation to Training for Operations Other Than War", Simulation Industry Association of Australia, 3 February 1997
  29. Furness, Zach , Tyler, John, "Fully Automated Simulation Forces (FAFs): A Grand Challenge for Military Training", 01F-SIW-007, Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization, 2001 [1]
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