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References

1. Chris de Freitas is the brother of Tim de Freitas, an active member of the Calgary branch of the Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists.
2. Chris de Freitas' Geography 101 workbook used for teaching the basics of climate at the University of Auckland, omits references to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and its landmark 2007 reports.
3. Barton, Chris (16 July 2011). "The climate dissenter holds his ground". The New Zealand Herald. http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10738739. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
4. Roe, Jon. "Science, education, funds: A look into the Friends of Science connection to the University of Calgary". Calgary, Alberta: The Gauntlet. http://www.thegauntlet.ca/story/science-education-funds. 
5. "Arthur Patterson". Calgary, Alberta: Glenbow Museum. 1999. http://www.glenbow.org/collections/search/findingAids/archhtm/extras/elbow/patterson_arthur.pdf. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
6. After graduating with a Bachelor Science degree in Geology, Friends of Science founding member and first president, Arthur M. Patterson, had a successful career in the oil industry. In retirement he ran a small independent oil company. His father was a well-known lawyer in Calgary and the present neighbourhood of Patterson Heights gets its name from his family. His grandfather was a lawyer and parliamentarian.
7. "Friends of Science". website Developed and maintained by MichellComputing, Calgary Canada. Archived from the original on 16 October 2002. https://web.archive.org/web/20021016082106/http://www.friendsofscience.org/. Retrieved 2011-12-04. 
8. Jacobs was a Senior Manager of Frontier Exploration at Canterra Energy (1981 – 1986), District Manager at Aquitaine Company of Canada (1971 – 1981), Senior Staff Geologist at Tenneco Oil & Minerals (1960 – 1971) and District geologist at Petrofina Group (1955 – 1960).
9. Chris de Freitas (June 2002). "Are Observed Changes in the Concentration of Carbon Dioxide in the Atmosphere Really Dangerous?". Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology. 
10. The article was described as "an exhaustive review of global climate science by Chris de Freitas of the University of Auckland" (Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, June 2002; also posted on the CSPG website).
11. "Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists (CSPG) Position on Global Climate Change Science". Calgary, Alberta. January 2003. Archived from the original on August 19, 2003. https://web.archive.org/web/20030819031444/http://www.cspg.org/CSPG_Climate_Change_Backgrounder.pdf. 
12. Charles Montgomery (2006-08-12). "Mr. Cool: Nurturing doubt about climate change is big business". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 2007-04-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20070402110349/http://www.charlesmontgomery.ca/mrcool.html. Retrieved 2007-05-01. 
13. "Elections Canada to probe anti-Kyoto Protocol group", Victoria Times-Colonist, February 18, 2008, archived from the original on November 8, 2012, https://web.archive.org/web/20121108112401/http://www.canada.com/victoriatimescolonist/news/story.html?id=3c955256-f327-465a-8135-778088f6131a .
14. According to Canwest News Service reporter, Mike De Souza's article published in the Vancouver Sun in 2011, the letter from University of Calgary account administrator, Chantal-Lee Watt, accompanying $175,000 Talisman cheque, dated 4 November 2004, was part of documents released by the University of Calgary under the orders of Franklin J. Work, the office of Alberta's information and privacy commissioner.
15. The Calgary Herald described James Buckee's retirement from Talisman in May 2007 as the end of an oilpatch era with Buckee as one of its most colourful characters.
16. "Jim Buckee retires at Talisman:An oilpatch era ended Wednesday with the retirement of one of its most colourful characters". Calgary, Alberta: The Calgary Herald. 31 May 2007. http://www.canada.com/story.html?id=fdc3b6fd-ca3e-454d-9894-f9894a0ef4dd. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
17. De Souza, Mike (4 September 2011). "Talisman Energy kick-started U of C climate skeptic fund". Postmedia News. http://www2.canada.com/vancouversun/news/archives/story.html?id=15b2e521-9f14-43e6-87ac-0a21a2a79e3d&p=2. 
18. Hamilton, Clive (2010). Requiem for a Species: Why We Resist the Truth about Climate Change. Earthscan. p. 103. ISBN 978-1-84971-081-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=EuE0RmNLlp4C. 
19. Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway (2010). Merchants of Doubt, Bloomsbury Press, pp. 8-9.
20. Clive Hamilton, Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway claim the George C. Marshall Institute, founded by three prominent physicists -- Frederick Seitz, Robert Jastrow, and William Nierenberg in 1984, led the conservative backlash against global warming research and focused on attacking climate change science by creating confusion.
21. Lindzen, Richard S. (2 May 2001). "Testimony of Richard S. Lindzen before the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee". http://housemajority.org/coms/cli/Kramm_UAF_Lindzen_2001.pdf. 
22. Richard S. Lindzen was a meteorologist, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Member, Annapolis Center Science and Economic Advisory Council. Contributing Expert, Cato Institute. Contributing Expert, George C. Marshall Institute. Member, National Academy of Sciences.
23. Ross Gelbspan reported in 1995 that Lindzen "charges oil and coal interests $2,500 a day for his consulting services; his 1991 trip to testify before a Senate committee was paid for by Western Fuels, and a speech he wrote, entitled 'Global Warming: the Origin and Nature of Alleged Scientific Consensus,' was underwritten by OPEC ("The Heat is On: The warming of the world's climate sparks a blaze of denial," Harper's magazine, December 1995)."
24. Gelbspan, Ross (December 1995). "The heat is on: The warming of the world's climate sparks a blaze of denial". Harper’s Magazine. http://www.harpers.org/archive/1995/12/0007823. Retrieved 2007-08-02. 
25. Sanchez, Irene (2005-11-13). "Warming study draws fire". The Harvard Crimson. http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=348723. Retrieved 2009-05-30. 
26. https://web.archive.org/web/20030225010718/http://www.sepp.org/NewSEPP/Testimony-baliunas.htm
27. Sallie Baliunas (13 March 2002). "Separating Climate Fact From Fiction: Testimony by Sallie Baliunas provided to the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, chaired by Sen. James M. Jeffords". Archived from the original on February 25, 2003. https://web.archive.org/web/20030225010718/http://www.sepp.org/NewSEPP/Testimony-baliunas.htm. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
28. MacRae, Allan M.R. (1 September 2002). "Kyoto Hot Air Can't Replace Fossil Fuels". Calgary, Alberta: Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on April 4, 2003. https://web.archive.org/web/20030404154737/http://www.vision.net.au/~daly/guests/macrae.htm. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
29. Wildavsky, Aaron (April 1995). But Is It True?: A Citizen's Guide to Environmental Health and Safety Issues. Harvard University Press. pp. 704. ISBN 0674089227. https://archive.org/details/butisittruecitiz00wild/page/704. 
30. "President's Message". Friends of Science Membership Quarterly Newsletter. July 2005. p. 1. http://sourcewatch.org/images/2/22/FOS_2005_Q2_Newsletter_7.pdf. 
31. De Souza, Mike (22 February 2008). "Anti-Kyoto campaigner volunteer member of Tory election team". Canwest News Service. http://www.canada.com/topics/news/story.html?id=595cc20a-7e54-4882-b3db-23e75f19a9a4&k. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
32. http://www.friendsofscience.org/index.php?id=3
33. Soon, Willie; Sallie Baliunas (January 31, 2003). "Proxy climatic and environmental changes of the past 1000 years". Climate Research (Inter-Research Science Center) 23: 89–110. doi:10.3354/cr023089. Bibcode: 2003ClRes..23...89S. http://www.int-res.com/articles/cr2003/23/c023p089.pdf. 
34. In 1999, Mann, Bradley and Hughes published a study which used a new statistical approach to find patterns of climate change in both time and global distribution. covering a 1,000 years summarized in a graph which showed relatively little change until a sharp rise in the 20th century, earning it the nickname of the hockey stick graph. Baliunas disputed that man-made chemicals (halocarbon refrigerants such as CFCs) were causing ozone depletion. Baliunas and Soon prepared a literature review which used data from previous papers to argue that the Medieval Warm Period had been warmer than the 20th century, and that recent warming was not unusual and sent it Climate Research editor Chris de Freitas, an opponent of action to curb carbon dioxide emissions, who published the article. Their abstract concluded that "Across the world, many records reveal that the 20th century is probably not the warmest or a uniquely extreme climatic period of the last millennium". The paper acknowledged funding support from the American Petroleum Institute, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and NASA.
35. "Myths/Facts: Common Misconceptions About Global Warming". http://www.friendsofscience.org/index.php?ide=4. Retrieved 2007-03-05. 
36. "Climate Catastrophe Cancelled: What You're Not Being Told About the Science of Climate Change". https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KnipKZAhgW4&list=PL76D04BD1D7D39C1D. Retrieved 2007-03-05. 
37. Madhav Khandekar, retired as research scientist with Environment Canada in 1997, argued that there were uncertainties in IPCC science and called for an open debate on the issue in the Canadian Meteorological and Ocean Society (CMOS) Bulletin.
38. Tom Harris (6 July 2011). "Climate isn't up for debate". Financial Post. http://opinion.financialpost.com/2011/06/07/climate-isnt-up-for-debate. 
39. "Open Kyoto Debate". Chicago, Illinois: The Heartland Institute. 6 April 2007. http://heartland.org/policy-documents/open-kyoto-debate. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
40. "Open Kyoto to debate". The National Post. 6 April 2006. https://nationalpost.com/story.html?id=3711460e-bd5a-475d-a6be-4db87559d605. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
41. "Canada and Kyoto: A history of the country's involvement and its greenhouse gas emissions". CBC News. 13 December 2011. http://www.cbc.ca/news/interactives/canada-kyoto/. Retrieved 20 December 2011. 
42. "endorsers of The Manhattan Declaration on Climate Change". Climate Science International. March 2008. http://www.climatescienceinternational.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=48:a-list&catid=14:text. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
43. Tom Harris is Executive Director of the International Climate Science Coalition (ICSC).
44. "Endorsers of The Manhattan Declaration on Climate Change 2". Climate Science International. March 2008. http://www.climatescienceinternational.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=66. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
45. "Letter to the Editor: Read Naomi Klein Letter, April 15", Calgary Herald (Calgary, Alberta), 16 April 2015, https://calgaryherald.com/opinion/letters/letters-for-thursday-april-16, retrieved 16 April 2015 
46. Canadian Press (8 June 2014). "Greenpeace claims double standard on Alberta billboards". Cbc.ca. http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/greenpeace-claims-double-standard-on-alberta-billboards-1.2669070. Retrieved 12 June 2014. 
47. Roe, Jon (2007-11-01). "Science, education, funds — A look into the Friends of Science connection to the University of Calgary". Gauntlet. http://www.archive.thegauntlet.ca/story/science-education-funds. Retrieved 2011-12-04. 
48. Greenberg, Josh; Graham Knight; Elizabeth Westersund (2011). "Spinning climate change: Corporate and NGO public relations strategies in Canada and the United States". The International Communication Gazette 73 (1–2): 65–82. doi:10.1177/1748048510386742.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2F1748048510386742
49. "President's Message". Calgary, Alberta: Friends of Science. March 2010. http://www.friendsofscience.org/assets/files/documents/2010_March_Newsletter.pdf. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
50. According to an interview with Albert Jacobs and The Globe and Mailfreelancer Charles Montgomery, in 2006, the Friends of Science' first fundraiser in 2002 with guest speaker, Tim Ball, who makes speeches around the country trying to convince people climate change isn't happening, did not raise enough money. Tim Ball, retired University of Manitoba climatologist, International Climate Science Coalition (ICSC) Science Advisory Board member. Ball became the public face of Friends of Science.
51. "The Denial Machine: a Canadian Broadcasting Corporation documentary about climate scepticism and funding". CBC News. 15 November 2006. http://www.cbc.ca/fifth/denialmachine. Retrieved 3 May 2007. 
52. "Friends of Science Newsletter, April 2007". http://www.friendsofscience.org/documents/2007%20April%20Newsletter.pdf.