Huītzilōpōchtli

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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Religion:Hu%C4%ABtzil%C5%8Dp%C5%8Dchtli

In Aztec mythology, Huitzilopochtli (Template:Lang-nci-IPA, modern Nahuatl pronunciation (help·info)) is the deity of war, sun, human sacrifice, and the patron of the city of Tenochtitlan. He was also the tribal god of the Mexicas, also known as the Aztecs, of Tenochtitlan. Many in the pantheon of deities of the Aztecs were inclined to have a fondness for a particular aspect of warfare. However, Huitzilopochtli was known as the primary god of war in ancient Mexico. Since he was the patron god of the Mexica, he was credited with both the victories and defeats that the Mexica people had on the battlefield. The people had to make sacrifices to him to protect the Aztec from infinite night. He wielded Xiuhcoatl, the fire serpent, as a weapon, thus also associating Huitzilopochtli with fire. As noted by the Spaniards during their discovery and conquest of the Aztec Empire (wherein they recorded the deity's name as Huichilobos), human sacrifice was common in worship ceremonies, which took place frequently and in numerous temples throughout the region, and when performed they typically sacrificed multiple victims per day at a given temple.

huitzilopochtli huichilobos xiuhcoatl

References

Karttunen, Frances (1992). An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 91. ISBN 978-0-8061-2421-6. https://archive.org/details/analyticaldictio00kart.
aunque el término ha sido traducido habitualmente como 'colibrí zurdo' o 'colibrí del sur', existe desacuerdo entorno al significado ya que el ōpōchtli 'parte izquierda' es el modificado y no el modificador por estar a la derecha, por lo que la traducción literal sería 'parte izquierda de colibrí', ver por ejemplo, F. Karttunen (1983), p. 91
"Huitzilopochtli". Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Huitzilopochtli.
"For six months of the year [the huitzitzilin] is dead, and for six it is alive. And, as I have said, when it feels that winter is coming, it goes to a perennial, leafy tree and with its natural instinct seeks out a crack. It stands upon a twig next to that crack, pushes its beak into it as far as possible, and stays there for six months of the year--the entire duration of the winter--nourishing itself with the essence of the tree. It appears to be dead, but at the advent of spring, when the tree acquires new life and gives forth new leaves, the little bird, with the aid of the tree's life, is reborn. It goes from there to breed, and consequently the Indians say that it dies and is reborn."Diego Durán (1971). Book of Gods and Rites. University of Oklahoma Press.
Read, Kay Almere (2000). Mesoamerican Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs of Mexico and Central America. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 193. ISBN 978-0-19-514909-8. https://archive.org/details/mesoamericanmyth0000read.
Coe, Michael D. (2008). Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. London: Thames & Hudson. pp. 216.
Durán, Fray Diego (October 1994). The History of the Indies of New Spain. Translated by Heyden, Doris. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 584. ISBN 978-0-8061-2649-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=193tKPdM-ykC&pg=PA584.
Jordan, David K. (January 23, 2016). "Readings in Classical Nahuatl: The Murders of Coatlicue and Coyolxauhqui". http://pages.ucsd.edu/~dkjordan/nahuatl/ReadingCoatlicue.html.
Coe, Michael D. (2008). Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. London: Thames & Hudson. pp. 217.
"The Birth of Huitzilopochtli, Patron God of the Aztecs". http://www.phs.poteau.k12.ok.us/williame/APAH/readings/The%20Birth%20of%20Huitzilophochtli,%20Patron%20God%20of%20the%20Aztecs.pdf.
Read, Kay Almere (2000). Mesoamerican Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs of Mexico and Central America. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 193. ISBN 978-0-19-514909-8. https://archive.org/details/mesoamericanmyth0000read.
Coe, Michael D. (2008). Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. London: Thames & Hudson. pp. 217.
Read, Kay Almere (2000). Mesoamerican Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs of Mexico and Central America. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 194. ISBN 978-0-19-514909-8. https://archive.org/details/mesoamericanmyth0000read.
Brinton, Daniel (1890). Rig Veda Americanus. Philadelphia. pp. 18. https://archive.org/details/rigvedaamerican00bringoog.
Carrasco, David (1982). Quetzalcoatl and the Irony of the Empire. Boulder, Colorado: The University of Chicago Press. pp. 167. ISBN 978-0226094878.
Diego Durán, Book of Gods and Rites
Coe, Michael D. (2008). Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. London: Thames & Hudson. pp. 221.
Cartwright, Mark. "Huitzilopochtli". https://www.worldhistory.org/Huitzilopochtli/.
Carrasco, David (1982). Quetzalcoatl and the Irony of the Empire. Boulder, Colorado: The University of Chicago Press. pp. 167. ISBN 978-0226094878.
Carrasco, David (1982). Quetzalcoatl and the Irony of the Empire. Boulder, Colorado: University of Chicago Press. pp. 167. ISBN 978-0226094878.
Coe, Michael D. (2008). Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. London: Thames & Hudson. pp. 211.
Coe, Michael D. (2008). Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. London: Thames & Hudson. pp. 204.
Broda, Johanna (2001). Cosmovision, Ritual E Identidad de Los Pueblos Indigenas de Mexico. Fondo de Cultura Economica USA. ISBN 9789681661786.
Carrasco, David (1982). Quetzalcoatl and the Irony of the Empire. Boulder, Colorado: University of Chicago Press. pp. 167. ISBN 978-0226094878.
de San Anton Munon Chimalpahin, Don Domingo (1997). Codex Chimalpahin, Volume 2: Society and Politics in Mexico Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco, Texcoco, Culhuacan, and Other Nahua Altepetl in Central Mexico. Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806129501.
Carrasco, David (1982). Quetzalcoatl and the Irony of the Empire. Boulder, Colorado: The University of Chicago Press. pp. 167. ISBN 978-0226094878.
Coe, Michael D. (2008). Mexico: From the Olmecs to the Aztecs. London: Thames & Hudson. pp. 187.
Read, Kay Almere (2000). Mesoamerican Mythologies: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs of Mexico and Central America. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 193.
Sahagún, Bernardino. Florentine Codex. Book III, Chapter 1: Miguel Leon-Portilla.
"Who Are the Deities of War and Battle?". About.com Religion & Spirituality. http://atheism.about.com/od/aztecgodsgoddesses/p/Huitzilopochtli.htm.
Read, Key Almere (2000). Mesoamerican Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs of Mexico and Central America. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 195. ISBN 978-0-19-514909-8. https://archive.org/details/mesoamericanmyth0000read.
Sahagún, Bernardino. Florentine Codex. Book III, Chapter 1: Miguel Leon-Portilla.
"God of the Month: Huitzilopochtli". http://www.mexicolore.co.uk/aztecs/gods/god-of-the-month-huitzilopochtli.

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