Your browser does not fully support modern features. Please upgrade for a smoother experience.
Submitted Successfully!
Thank you for your contribution! You can also upload a video entry or images related to this topic. For video creation, please contact our Academic Video Service.
Version Summary Created by Modification Content Size Created at Operation
1 handwiki Camila Xu -- 4100 2022-10-18 01:38:07

Video Upload Options

We provide professional Academic Video Service to translate complex research into visually appealing presentations. Would you like to try it?
Cite
If you have any further questions, please contact Encyclopedia Editorial Office.
HandWiki. Eurypterus. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33651 (accessed on 15 September 2026).
HandWiki. Eurypterus. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33651. Accessed September 15, 2026.
HandWiki. "Eurypterus" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33651 (accessed September 15, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, November 09). Eurypterus. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/33651
HandWiki. "Eurypterus." Encyclopedia. Web. 09 November, 2022.
Eurypterus
Edit

Eurypterus (/jʊəˈrɪptərəs/ yoo-RIP-tər-əs) is an extinct genus of eurypterid, a group of organisms commonly called "sea scorpions". The genus lived during the Silurian period, from around 432 to 418 million years ago. Eurypterus is by far the most well-studied and well-known eurypterid. Eurypterus fossil specimens probably represent more than 95% of all known eurypterid specimens. There are fifteen species belonging to the genus Eurypterus, the most common of which is E. remipes, the first eurypterid fossil discovered and the state fossil of New York. Members of Eurypterus averaged at about 13 to 23 cm (5 to 9 in) in length, but the largest individual discovered was estimated to be 60 cm (24 in) long. They all possessed spine-bearing appendages and a large paddle they used for swimming. They were generalist species, equally likely to engage in predation or scavenging.

silurian eurypterid eurypterus

References

  1. John R. Nudds; Paul Selden (2008). Fossil ecosystems of North America: a guide to the sites and their extraordinary biotas. Manson Publishing. pp. 74, 78–82. ISBN 978-1-84076-088-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=_z-ca7JAVJIC&pg=PA78. 
  2. O.E. Tetlie; I. Rábano (2007). "Specimens of Eurypterus (Chelicerata, Eurypterida) in the collections of Museo Geominero (Geological Survey of Spain), Madrid". Boletín Geológico y Minero 118 (1): 117–126. ISSN 0366-0176. http://www.igme.es/internet/Boletin/2007/118_1_2007/ART.%209.pdf. Retrieved May 22, 2011. 
  3. "Eurypterida: Fossil Record". University of California Museum of Paleontology. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/arthropoda/chelicerata/eurypteridfr.html. 
  4. Erik N. Kjellesvig-Waering (1958). "The genera, species and subspecies of the family Eurypteridae, Burmeister, 1845". Journal of Paleontology 32 (6): 1107–1148. ISSN 0022-3360.  http://www.worldcat.org/issn/0022-3360
  5. O. Erik Tetlie (2007). "Distribution and dispersal history of Eurypterida (Chelicerata)". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 252 (3–4): 557–574. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2007.05.011. ISSN 0031-0182. http://fossilinsects.net/pdfs/tetlie_2007_PX3_DistribDispersalEurypterida.pdf. Retrieved May 20, 2011. 
  6. "New York State Fossil – Eurypterus remipes". New York State Library. April 27, 2009. http://www.nysl.nysed.gov/emblems/fossil.htm. 
  7. Daniel Cressey (2007). "Giant sea scorpion discovered". Nature. doi:10.1038/news.2007.272. http://www.nature.com/news/2007/071120/full/news.2007.272.html. Retrieved May 22, 2011. 
  8. Samuel J. Ciurca, Jr.. "The size that common Eurypterus species attained (Late Silurian Bertie Group of New York and Ontario, Canada)". Eurypterids.net. http://eurypterids.net/EurypteridMonth5.html. 
  9. Ruebenstahl, Alexander; Ciurca, Jr., Samuel J.; Briggs, Derek E. G. (2021). "A giant Eurypterus from the Silurian (Pridoli) Bertie Group of North America". Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 62 (1): 3–13. doi:10.3374/014.062.0101. https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-peabody-museum-of-natural-history/volume-62/issue-1/014.062.0101/A-Giant-Eurypterus-from-the-Silurian-Pridoli-Bertie-Group-of/10.3374/014.062.0101.short. 
  10. "Eurypterus remipes NPL4415". Texas Natural Science Center: Non-vertebrate Paleontology, The University of Texas. http://www.utexas.edu/tmm/npl/exhibits/eurypterus.html. 
  11. Conrad Burkert. Environment preference of eurypterids – indications for freshwater adaptation?. Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg. http://www.geo.tu-freiberg.de/oberseminar/os06_07/Conrad_Burkert.pdf. Retrieved May 21, 2011. 
  12. Pat Vickers Rich, Mildred Adams Fenton, Carroll Lane Fenton, & Thomas Hewitt Rich (1989). The fossil book: a record of prehistoric life. Courier Dover Publications. p. 225. ISBN 978-0-486-29371-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=_ntSspji0LYC&pg=PA225. 
  13. James Lamsdell. "Eurypterid Basics". Eurypterids.co.uk. http://www.eurypterids.co.uk/eurypterids.htm. 
  14. V. P. Tollerton, Jr. (1989). "Morphology, Taxonomy, and Classification of the Order Eurypterida Burmeister, 1843". Journal of Paleontology 63 (5): 642–657. doi:10.1017/S0022336000041275. ISSN 0022-3360.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2FS0022336000041275
  15. "Eurypterid". The Encyclopedia Americana: Egypt to Falsetto. 10. Grolier. 1983. pp. 708–709. ISBN 978-0-7172-0114-3. 
  16. "Les scorpions de mer (les Eurypterida)" (in fr). Paleopedia. http://paleopedia.free.fr/invert%E9br%E9_arthropode_eurypteridae.html. 
  17. Roy Plotnick. Eurypterida. Access Science. doi:10.1036/1097-8542.246600. http://accessscience.com/content/Eurypterida/246600. Retrieved May 23, 2011. 
  18. Jason A. Dunlop; Mark Webster (1999). "Fossil Evidence, Terrestrialization and Arachnid Phylogeny". The Journal of Arachnology 27: 86–93. ISSN 0161-8202. http://www.museunacional.ufrj.br/mndi/Aracnologia/pdfliteratura/Dunlop%20&%20Webster%20JOA%201999%20Fossil%20Arach%20terrestrialization.pdf. Retrieved May 23, 2011. 
  19. Phillip L. Manning; Jason A. Dunlop (1995). "The respiratory organs of Eurypterids". Palaeontology 38 (2): 287–297. ISSN 0031-0239. http://palaeontology.palass-pubs.org/pdf/Vol%2038/Pages%20287-297.pdf. Retrieved May 21, 2011. 
  20. P. A. Selden (1985). "Eurypterid respiration". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B 309 (1138): 219–226. doi:10.1098/rstb.1985.0081. ISSN 0080-4622. Bibcode: 1985RSPTB.309..219S. http://homepage.mac.com/paulselden/Sites/Website/EuryResp.pdf. Retrieved May 22, 2011. 
  21. Lief Størmer (1955). "Merostomata". in C. Raymond. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part P: Arthropoda 2: Chelicerata, Pycnogonida & Palaeoisopus. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press. pp. 31–34. ISBN 978-0-8137-3016-5. 
  22. Selden, Paul A. (1981). "Functional morphology of the prosoma of Baltoeurypterus tetragonophthalmus (Fischer) (Chelicerata: Eurypterida)". Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 72: 9–48. doi:10.1017/s0263593300003217. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/earth-and-environmental-science-transactions-of-royal-society-of-edinburgh/article/functional-morphology-of-the-prosoma-of-baltoeurypterus-tetragonophthalmus-fischer-chelicerata-eurypterida/D47ECC0D4657530A7931691566F08D5F. Retrieved February 9, 2018. 
  23. O. Erik Tetlie (2006). "Two new Silurian species of Eurypterus (Chelicerata: Eurypterida) from Norway and Canada and the phylogeny of the genus". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 4 (4): 397–412. doi:10.1017/S1477201906001921. ISSN 1478-0941. http://www.museunacional.ufrj.br/mndi/Aracnologia/Eurypterida/Tetlie%202006%20Silurian%20Eurypterus.pdf. Retrieved May 20, 2011. 
  24. Jason A. Dunlop, David Penney, & Denise Jekel; with additional contributions from Lyall I. Anderson, Simon J. Braddy, James C. Lamsdell, Paul A. Selden, & O. Erik Tetlie (2011). "A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives". in Norman I. Platnick. The world spider catalog, version 11.5. American Museum of Natural History. http://research.amnh.org/iz/spiders/catalog/Fossil11.5.pdf. Retrieved May 21, 2011. 
  25. P. Weygoldt; H. F. Paulus (2009). "Untersuchungen zur Morphologie, Taxonomie und Phylogenie der Chelicerata† II. Cladogramme und die Entfaltung der Chelicerata". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 17 (3): 177–200. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.1979.tb00699.x. ISSN 1439-0469.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1439-0469.1979.tb00699.x
  26. "Eurypterida: Systematics". University of California Museum of Paleontology. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/arthropoda/chelicerata/eurypteridsy.html. 
  27. John W. Merck, Jr.. "The biomechanics of swimming". Department of Geology, University of Maryland. http://www.geol.umd.edu/~jmerck/bsci392/lecture10/lecture10.html. 
  28. Plotnick, Roy E. (1985). "Lift based mechanisms for swimming in eurypterids and portunid crabs" (in en). Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 76 (2–3): 325–337. doi:10.1017/S0263593300010543. ISSN 1755-6929. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/earth-and-environmental-science-transactions-of-royal-society-of-edinburgh/article/lift-based-mechanisms-for-swimming-in-eurypterids-and-portunid-crabs/89954954F4CB25CD197F5BC4BB1F55D6. 
  29. John W. Merck, Jr.. "Eurypterids, arachnids, and the arthropod invasion of the land". Department of Geology, University of Maryland. http://www.geol.umd.edu/~jmerck/bsci392/lecture25/lecture25.html. 
  30. "The story of one man's plight to make fossils swim". http://gknight.tripod.com/. 
  31. Vrazo, Matthew B.; Ciurca, Jr., Samuel J. (2018-03-01). "New trace fossil evidence for eurypterid swimming behaviour" (in en). Palaeontology 61 (2): 235–252. doi:10.1111/pala.12336. ISSN 1475-4983.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fpala.12336
  32. Paul A. Selden; Andrew J. Jeram (1989). "Palaeophysiology of terrestrialisation in the Chelicerata". Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 80 (3–4): 303–310. doi:10.1017/s0263593300028741. ISSN 0263-5933. http://homepage.mac.com/paulselden/Sites/Website/Palaeophysiology.pdf. Retrieved May 23, 2011. 
  33. "Eurypterus". Paleobiology Database. http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=18968&is_real_user=1. 
  34. Samuel J. Ciurca, Jr.. "Eurypterus lacustris Fauna". Eurypterids.net. http://eurypterids.net/EurypteruslacustrisFauna.html. 
  35. Samuel J. Ciurca, Jr.. "Commentary on a specimen of an Eurypterid". Eurypterids.net. http://eurypterids.net/EurypterusLacustris4.html. 
More
Upload a video for this entry
Information
Contributor MDPI registered users' name will be linked to their SciProfiles pages. To register with us, please refer to https://encyclopedia.pub/register :
View Times: 3.1K
Entry Collection: HandWiki
Revision: 1 time (View History)
Update Date: 09 Nov 2022
Notice
You are not a member of the advisory board for this topic. If you want to update advisory board member profile, please contact office@encyclopedia.pub.
OK
Confirm
Only members of the Encyclopedia advisory board for this topic are allowed to note entries. Would you like to become an advisory board member of the Encyclopedia?
Yes
No
${ textCharacter }/${ maxCharacter }
Submit
Cancel
There is no comment~
${ textCharacter }/${ maxCharacter }
Submit
Cancel
${ selectedItem.replyTextCharacter }/${ selectedItem.replyMaxCharacter }
Submit
Cancel
Confirm
Are you sure to Delete?
Yes No
Academic Video Service