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HandWiki. Tumor Suppressor. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31137 (accessed on 24 September 2026).
HandWiki. Tumor Suppressor. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31137. Accessed September 24, 2026.
HandWiki. "Tumor Suppressor" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31137 (accessed September 24, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 25). Tumor Suppressor. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31137
HandWiki. "Tumor Suppressor." Encyclopedia. Web. 25 October, 2022.
Tumor Suppressor
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Biology:Tumor_suppressor

A tumor suppressor gene, or anti-oncogene, is a gene that regulates a cell during cell division and replication. If the cell grows uncontrollably, it will result in cancer. When a tumor suppressor gene is mutated, it results in a loss or reduction in its function; in combination with other genetic mutations this could allow the cell to grow abnormally. The loss of function for these genes may be even more significant in the development of human cancers, compared to the activation of oncogenes. Tumor suppressor genes can be grouped into the following categories caretaker genes, gatekeeper genes, and more recently landscaper genes. Caretaker genes ensure stability of the genome via DNA repair and subsequently when mutated allow mutations to accumulate. Meanwhile gatekeeper genes directly regulate cell growth by either inhibiting cell cycle progression or inducing apoptosis. Lastly landscaper genes regulate growth by contributing to the surrounding environment, when mutated can cause an environment that promotes unregulated proliferation. The classification schemes are evolving as medical advances are being made from fields including molecular biology, genetics, and epigenetics.

cell division epigenetics cell cycle progression

References

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  2. "Tumor Suppressor (TS) Genes and the Two-Hit Hypothesis | Learn Science at Scitable" (in en). https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/tumor-suppressor-ts-genes-and-the-two-887/. 
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  10. Harris, Curtis C. (October 16, 1996). "Structure and Function of p53 Tumor Suppressor Gene: Clues for Rational Cancer Therapeutic Strategies". Journal of the National Cancer Institute 88 (20): 1442–1455. doi:10.1093/jnci/88.20.1442. PMID 8841019.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fjnci%2F88.20.1442
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  12. Goodsell, David S. (2004-04-01). "The Molecular Perspective: Cytochrome c and Apoptosis" (in en). The Oncologist 9 (2): 226–227. doi:10.1634/theoncologist.9-2-226. ISSN 1083-7159. PMID 15047927.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1634%2Ftheoncologist.9-2-226
  13. Shain, AH; Pollack, JR (2013). "The spectrum of SWI/SNF mutations, ubiquitous in human cancers.". PLOS ONE 8 (1): e55119. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055119. PMID 23355908. Bibcode: 2013PLoSO...855119S.  http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3552954
  14. "TUMOUR SUPPRESSOR GENES IN CANCER". https://www.letstalkacademy.com/publication/read/tumour-suppressor-genes-in-cancer. 
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