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HandWiki. Space Shuttle Main Engine. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30884 (accessed on 17 September 2026).
HandWiki. Space Shuttle Main Engine. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30884. Accessed September 17, 2026.
HandWiki. "Space Shuttle Main Engine" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30884 (accessed September 17, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 24). Space Shuttle Main Engine. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/30884
HandWiki. "Space Shuttle Main Engine." Encyclopedia. Web. 24 October, 2022.
Space Shuttle Main Engine
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Engineering:Space_Shuttle_main_engine

The Aerojet Rocketdyne RS-25, otherwise known as the Space Shuttle main engine (SSME), is a liquid-fuel cryogenic rocket engine that was used on NASA's Space Shuttle and is planned to be used on its successor, the Space Launch System. Designed and manufactured in the United States by Rocketdyne (later known as Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne and Aerojet Rocketdyne), the RS-25 burns cryogenic liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants, with each engine producing 1,859 kN (418,000 lbf) of thrust at liftoff. Although the RS-25 can trace its heritage back to the 1960s, concerted development of the engine began in the 1970s, with the first flight, STS-1, occurring on April 12, 1981. The RS-25 has undergone several upgrades over its operational history to improve the engine's reliability, safety, and maintenance load. Subsequently, the RS-25D is the most efficient liquid fuel rocket engine currently in use. The engine produces a specific impulse (Isp) of 452 seconds (4.43 km/s) in a vacuum, or 366 seconds (3.59 km/s) at sea level, has a mass of approximately 3.5 tonnes (7,700 pounds), and is capable of throttling between 67% and 109% of its rated power level in one-percent increments. The RS-25 operates at temperatures ranging from −253 °C (−423 °F) to 3300 °C (6000 °F). The Space Shuttle used a cluster of three RS-25 engines mounted in the stern structure of the orbiter, with fuel being drawn from the external tank. The engines were used for propulsion during the entirety of the spacecraft's ascent, with additional thrust being provided by two solid rocket boosters and the orbiter's two AJ-10 orbital maneuvering system engines. Following each flight, the RS-25 engines were removed from the orbiter, inspected, and refurbished before being reused on another mission.

solid rocket specific impulse liquid hydrogen

References

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