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Shanrendao (善人道 "Way of the Virtuous Man") is a Confucian religious movement in northeast China. Its name as a social body is the Universal Church of the Way and its Virtue (万国道德会 Wànguó Dàodéhuì) or simply the Church of the Way and its Virtue (道德会 Dàodéhuì), which is frequently translated as the Morality Church. Shanrendao can be viewed as one of the best examples of the jiàohuà (教化 "spiritual transformation") movements. It is one of the most prominent religions of redemption of China , and was formally established as the Universal Church of the Way and its Virtue in Shandong in 1921 by Jiang Shoufeng (1875-1926), a member of the Confucian Church (孔教会 Kǒngjiàohuì) of Kang Youwei. Kang Youwei himself was the president of the church during the last year of his life. The movement was concerned with a reconstitution of morality, at a time in which people no longer understood what morality means because of the decline of religion. By the 1930s the religion had a strong presence in Manchuria, where it persists to the present day.:10 A great contribution came from Jiang Shoufeng's son, Jiang Xizhang (1907-2004), an intellectual prodigy who composed commentaries on the Confucian classics before the age of ten. Father and son composed vernacular versions of the classics in order to disseminate Confucianism among the Chinese masses. After the World War I, Xizhang wrote a leaflet, the Xizhanlun with anti-war teachings inspired by the content of the world religions. The strongest impetus in the social importance of the movement, however, came from Wang Fengyi (王凤仪 1864-1937), a charismatic healer and preacher of peasant origins who led the Universal Church of the Way and its Virtue in the 1930s. He is celebrated as a peasant saint throughout northeast China, a shànrén (善人 "virtuous man") with the epithet "Wang the Good" or "Virtuous King" (王善人), a wordplay as his surname means "king" or "ruler".
References
- Duara (2014), p. 182.
- Heiner Fruehauf, Ph.D. All Disease Comes from the Heart: The Pivotal Role of the Emotions in Classical Chinese Medicine. § "The Power of Ritual and the Emotional Therapy System of the Confucian Educator Wang Fengyi (1864-1937)" (7-13). chineseclassicalmedicine.org. Archived on 31 December 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171231233513/https://www.jadeinstitute.com/jade/assets/files/Fruehauf-AllDiseaseComesFromTheHeart.pdf
- Luo (2013), p. 45.
- Luo (2013), pp. 47-48.
- Yeh (2000), p. 352.
- Li Ji. God's Little Daughters: Catholic Women in Nineteenth-Century Manchuria. University of Washington Press, 2015. ISBN:0295806036. p. 17
- Goossaert & Palmer (2011), p. 96.
- Billioud (2015), p. 182.
- Tay, Wei Leong (2010). "Kang Youwei: The Martin Luther of Confucianism and His Vision of Confucian Modernity and Nation". Secularization, Religion and the State (University of Tokyo Center of Philosophy). http://utcp.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp/publications/pdf/UTCPBooklet17_08_Tay.pdf.
- Goossaert & Palmer (2011), p. 95.
- Luo (2013), p. 39.
- Goossaert & Palmer (2011), p. 97.
- Ownby (2008). § 23: «the Daodehui eight million in Manchukuo alone (a quarter of the total population) in 1936-1937.»
- Billioud (2015), p. 79.
- Billioud (2015), p. 298.
- Kiely, Goossaert & Lagerwey (2015), p. 45, 786.
- Liu Yousheng's 劉有生 lectures: Let the Radiant Yang Shine Forth: Lectures on Virtue.
