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| Version | Summary | Created by | Modification | Content Size | Created at | Operation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vivi Li | -- | 1968 | 2022-10-19 01:37:14 |
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External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is the most common form of radiotherapy (radiation therapy). The patient sits or lies on a couch and an external source of ionizing radiation is pointed at a particular part of the body. In contrast to brachytherapy (sealed source radiotherapy) and unsealed source radiotherapy, in which the radiation source is inside the body, external beam radiotherapy directs the radiation at the tumour from outside the body. Orthovoltage ("superficial") X-rays are used for treating skin cancer and superficial structures. Megavoltage X-rays are used to treat deep-seated tumours (e.g. bladder, bowel, prostate, lung, or brain), whereas megavoltage electron beams are typically used to treat superficial lesions extending to a depth of approximately 5 cm (increasing beam energy corresponds to greater penetration). X-rays and electron beams are by far the most widely used sources for external beam radiotherapy. A small number of centers operate experimental and pilot programs employing beams of heavier particles, particularly protons, owing to the rapid dropoff in absorbed dose beneath the depth of the target.
References
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- House, Douglas W. (18 March 2016). "Sensus Healthcare on deck for IPO". Seeking Alpha. http://seekingalpha.com/news/3168459-sensus-healthcare-deck-ipo.
- https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2009/0316/062_150mil_zapper.html#5e82200f2068
- "External Beam Radiation Therapy". Archived from the original on 2010-02-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20100228043635/http://www.rtanswers.com/treatmentinformation/treatmenttypes/externalbeamradiation.aspx.
- "IMRT and VMAT" (in en). http://www.christie.nhs.uk/patients-and-visitors/your-treatment-and-care/treatments/radiotherapy/what-we-do/imrt-and-vmat/.
- Georg, Dietmar; Knöös, Tommy; McClean, Brendan (2011). "Current status and future perspective of flattening filter free photon beams". Medical Physics 38 (3): 1280–1293. doi:10.1118/1.3554643. PMID 21520840. https://dx.doi.org/10.1118%2F1.3554643
- Koivumäki, Tuomas; Heikkilä, Janne; Väänänen, Anssi; Koskela, Kristiina; Sillanmäki, Saara; Seppälä, Jan (2016). "Flattening filter free technique in breath-hold treatments of left-sided breast cancer: The effect on beam-on time and dose distributions". Radiotherapy and Oncology 118 (1): 194–198. doi:10.1016/j.radonc.2015.11.032. PMID 26709069. http://www.thegreenjournal.com/article/S0167-8140(15)00652-0/fulltext.
- Boris Peter Selby, Georgios Sakas et al. (2007) 3D Alignment Correction for Proton Beam Treatment. In: Proceedings of Conf. of the German Society for Biomedical Engineering (DGBMT). Aachen.
