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HandWiki. Comrade. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29294 (accessed on 12 September 2026).
HandWiki. Comrade. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29294. Accessed September 12, 2026.
HandWiki. "Comrade" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29294 (accessed September 12, 2026).
HandWiki. (2022, October 14). Comrade. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/29294
HandWiki. "Comrade." Encyclopedia. Web. 14 October, 2022.
Comrade
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The content is sourced from: https://handwiki.org/wiki/Religion:Comrade

The term "comrade" generally means 'mate', 'colleague', or 'ally', and derives from the Spanish and Portuguese, term camarada, literally meaning 'chamber mate', from Latin camera, meaning 'chamber' or 'room'. It may also specifically mean "fellow soldier". Political use of the term was inspired by the French Revolution , after which it grew into a form of address between socialists and workers. Since the Russian Revolution, popular culture in the Western world has often associated it with communism.

popular culture communism 'colleague'

References

  1. Jennifer Ngaire Heuer (2007). The Family and the Nation: Gender and Citizenship in Revolutionary France, 1789–1830. Cornell University Press. pp. 11–. ISBN 978-0-8014-7408-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=OBUV4R9Ue3sC&pg=PA11. 
  2. "Louis XVI et le citoyen Capet". L'Humanité. 11 August 2009. https://www.humanite.fr/node/421828. 
  3. Barrie Pitt; Peter Young (1971). History of the First World War. Purnell. https://books.google.com/books?id=wQBBAQAAIAAJ. 
  4. Kirsten Harris (29 January 2016). Walt Whitman and British Socialism: 'The Love of Comrades'. Routledge. pp. 13–. ISBN 978-1-317-63481-2. https://books.google.com/books?id=3kV-CwAAQBAJ&pg=PA13. 
  5. Anrede "Genosse" nicht mehr zeitgemäß https://web.archive.org/web/20110611222928/http://www.vienna.at/news/tp:vol:oesterreich/cn/vol-news-vpircher-20040721-081125
  6. "Schlagworte: Genosse - Genossin". textlog.de. http://www.textlog.de/schlagworte-genosse.html. 
  7. И.С. Выходцева (4–6 October 2004). "O probleme obshcheupotrebitel'nogo obrashcheniya v russkom yazyke". in K.R. Galiullina (in ru). Русская и сопоставительная филология: состояние и перспективы: Международная научная конференция, посвященная 200-летию Казанского университета [Russian and comparative philology: state and prospects: International scientific conference dedicated to the 200th anniversary of Kazan University]. Kazan. pp. 211–212. http://www.ksu.ru/f10/publications/2004/articles_1_1.php?id=8&num=9000000. Retrieved 18 January 2009. 
  8. "Товарищ Мадонна" (in ru). Rovesnik (ru). 1 August 1998. http://mlvc.narod.ru:80/magazines/rovesnik.jpg. 
  9. See, for example, the remarks of Frank Hsieh after losing the Republic of China presidential election in 2008: 凝聚黨內團結 謝長廷：我決定留到五二五 : "很多同志希望我能夠留到五月二十五日" ("Many comrades hoped that I could stay to May 25". See 中國國民黨第17屆中央委員會第2次全體會議出、列席同志發言須知 ("Rules for speaking for attending comrades at the 2nd plenary meeting of the 17th central committee of the Chinese Kuomintang") for an example of its usage in the Kuomintang. http://news.chinatimes.com/2007Cti/2007Cti-Focus/2007Cti-Focus-Content/0,4518,9703280341+0+0+155807+0,00.html
  10. "Xuéxí shíbào". http://dzb.studytimes.cn/shtml/xxsb/20151019/15606.shtml. 
  11. "China: Keep using 'comrade', says Communist Party". BBC News Online. 19 November 2014. https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-news-from-elsewhere-30099560. 
  12. Blasco, Dennis J (2011). "The Four General Departments". The Chinese Army Today: Tradition and Transformation for the 21st Century (2nd ed.). Routledge. ISBN 978-0415783224. https://books.google.com/books?id=MpCHGYHjyEAC&pg=PT61. "According to regulations, members of the PLA address each other: (1) by their duty position, or (2) by their position plus surname, or (3) by their position plus the title "comrade" (tongzhi). When the duty position of the other person is not known, one service member may address the other by military rank plus the word "comrade" or only as comrade." 
  13. Qin, Amy (15 November 2016). "Xi Jinping Wants to Be 'Comrade.' For Gay Chinese, That Means Something Else.". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/16/world/asia/china-comrade-tongzhi-gay.html. 
  14. Jaster, Robert Scott (1992). South Africa's Other Whites: Voices for Change. Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan. p. 110. ISBN 978-0333522080. 
  15. Sechaba, Tsepo; Ellis, Stephen (1992). Comrades Against Apartheid: The ANC & the South African Communist Party in Exile. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-0253210623. 
  16. Bornman, Elirea; van Eeden, Renee; Wentzel, Marie (1998). Violence in South Africa: A Variety of Perspectives. Pretoria: HRSC, Publishers. p. 110. ISBN 978-0796918581. 
  17. "EARLIER: End of an era for President Mugabe ... - The Herald". http://www.herald.co.zw/latest-zanu-pf-sits-to-recall-president-mugabe/. 
  18. "Mnangagwa flees Zimbabwe - The Zimbabwean". 8 November 2017. http://www.thezimbabwean.co/2017/11/mnangagwa-flees-zimbabwe/. 
  19. "President Mugabe out, Cde Mnangagwa in - ZBC News Online". http://www.zbc.co.zw/2017/11/19/president-mugabe-out-cde-mnangagwa-in/. 
  20. "Cde Chipanga apologises to ZDF Commander - ZBC News Online". http://www.zbc.co.zw/2017/11/15/cde-chipanga-apologises-to-zdf/. 
  21. Saskia Baas (2012). From Civilians to Soldiers and from Soldiers to Civilians: Mobilization and Demobilization in Sudan. Amsterdam University Press. p. 76. ISBN 978-90-8964-396-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=d33CuhKeiFAC&pg=PA76. 
  22. Macklin, Graham; Graham, Macklin (September 2013). "'Onward Blackshirts!' Music and the British Union of Fascists". Patterns of Prejudice 47 (4–5): 430–457. doi:10.1080/0031322X.2013.845447.  https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F0031322X.2013.845447
  23. "NSB, Nationaal-Socialistische Beweging". Verzetsmuseum. http://www.verzetsmuseum.org/tweede-wereldoorlog/nl/achtergrond/achtergrond,nsb. 
  24. "Esperanto GCSE Wordlist". http://home.btclick.com/ukc802510745/eo/vortlist/gcselist.htm. 
  25. Atilla Çetin. "Garp Ocaklarında Türk Varlığı". https://www.tarihtarih.com/?Syf=26&Syz=381889. 
  26. Ukraine's parliament approves new army, police greeting, UNIAN (4 October 2018) https://www.unian.info/politics/10285848-ukraine-s-parliament-approves-new-army-police-greeting.html
  27. Rada approves salute 'Glory to Ukraine' in Ukrainian army, Interfax-Ukraine (4 October 2018) https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/535728.html
  28. (in ru) Boris Godunov (Libretto). operalib.eu. 1874. pp. 15, 18. http://www.operalib.eu/zpdf/godunov_bn.pdf. Retrieved 28 December 2020. 
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