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Topic Review
Fuzzy Logic Application into Marketing Strategy
Fuzzy marketing considers the degree to which a customer belongs to specific segments and subsequently allows them to be targeted with messages that engage them emotionally. Fuzzy marketing can enhance the company’s capability to build stronger customer relationships, enhance profitability, and improve marketing performance.
  • 1.6K
  • 08 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Inter-Organizational Relationship Performance
Inter-Organizational Relationship Performance (IORP) was directly affected by trust, commitment, coordination, and frequency of interaction directly, while simultaneously, communication and participation have indirect impacts on IORP. 
  • 1.6K
  • 17 Aug 2021
Topic Review
A Lean-Led Design Approach
Lean-led Design is a  user-empowering approach that gained popularity in some countries such as the USA. It is proposed to be used during the project definition of healthcare projects in order to enhance quality of healthcare and optimize pathways that patients could follow.
  • 1.6K
  • 06 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Impact of ESG Performance on Firm Value
The integration of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) factors has attracted a great deal of attention from the business media. The reason for this is that ESG is regarded as a method of increasing firm value and improving financial performance. Companies are gradually recognizing the importance of ESG.
  • 1.6K
  • 28 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Application of Value Stream Mapping in E-Commerce
In recent years, the e-commerce market has grown significantly, and the online retail market has become very competitive. Online retailers strive to improve their supply chain operations to reduce costs and to improve customer satisfaction. Value stream mapping (VSM), a tool created by the lean production movement to identify and reduce errors, losses, and lead time and to improve value-added activities, has been proven to be effective in many manufacturing processes. In this study, we investigate the application of value stream mapping (VSM) in the supply chain of an e-commerce retailer on Amazon. By visualizing the entire supply chain with VSM, the waste that is produced during the delivery process from the retailer to the customer was identified. 
  • 1.6K
  • 27 Jan 2022
Topic Review
The Low-Tech Perspective on Energy Flexibility
Energy flexibility, one of the key pillars of the energy transition, is an umbrella term that covers multiple innovative solutions implemented at all levels of the electric grid to ensure power quality standards, amongst other objectives. Low-tech, on the other hand, emphasizes designing, producing, and sustainably implementing solutions that address the core needs of individuals and organisations.  
  • 1.6K
  • 27 Apr 2023
Topic Review
Assessment Scale of Competitiveness of Wellness Destinations in Thailand
An assessment scale was developed to measure the competitiveness of wellness destinations in Thailand, particularly from the perspective of the wellness tourism firm. Several studies emphasized exploring the management of tourist attractions, the development of routes, and the promotion of products to wellness tourists. A number of studies concerning Thai spas and developing community wellness tourism explored quality development for businesses and communities and the types of wellness tourism in a particular area. However, there has been a lack of research regarding the development of a measurement scale for evaluating the competitiveness of wellness destinations, particularly among those that offer niche services, rather than a more general view; this would be especially useful for Thai destinations.
  • 1.6K
  • 13 Apr 2022
Topic Review
Advancing Health Service Delivery Through Inter-Organizational Relationships
Inter-organizational relationships are distinguishing forms of interactions linking two or more organizations to “…create a synergy that multiplies the reach and effectiveness of the partners” (Taylor and Doerfel 2005, p. 122). Inter-organizational relationships are high on the health policy agenda; however, little is still known on the approached which enhance the viability of health care organizations. Inter-organizational relationships should be carefully managed at the macro (institutional), meso (governance), and micro (management) levels to foster the design and implementation of collaborative health service delivery models ensuring patient-centredness and continuity of care.
  • 1.6K
  • 24 Jan 2022
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Balanced Scorecard: History, Implementation, and Impact
The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is a strategic management framework introduced by Kaplan and Norton in 1992 to address the limitations of traditional performance measurement systems. It integrates financial and non-financial performance measures across four perspectives—financial, customer, internal processes, and learning and growth. Over three decades, the BSC has evolved into a comprehensive strategic tool adopted across industries and sectors worldwide. While its adaptability and integrative approach are strengths, criticisms include challenges in implementation, assumed cause–effect relationships, and relevance in decentralized organizations. Future research should investigate cultural adaptation; the incorporation of environmental, social, and governance metrics; and advancements driven by artificial intelligence to maintain ongoing relevance.
  • 1.6K
  • 25 Mar 2025
Topic Review
Business Service Management
Business service management or business studies and management (BSM) is an approach used to manage business IT services. BSM promotes a customer-centric and business-focused approach to service management, aligning business objectives with IT or ICT from strategy through to operations.
  • 1.5K
  • 30 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Factors Influencing Employees’ Intrapreneurial Behavior
Effectively promoting employees’ intrapreneurial behavior has become the focus of enterprises. This study takes the middle and grassroots employees in enterprises as subjects and explores the configuration effect of multiple influencing factors on employees’ intrapreneurial behavior. Based on employee expectation theory and individual-environment matching theory, this study collates six influencing factors: entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial competence, task school level,perceived value, management support, and reward mechanism. A total of 163 samples were obtained, and the qualitative comparative analysis method based on fuzzy set was used to analyze the influence mechanism and result path of employees’ intrapreneurial behavior from the perspective of the interaction between individual factors and organizational factors. Six influencing paths of employees’ high intrapreneurial behavior were found, which can be divided into ability-driven and value-driven factors, revealing that the six factors can produce equivalent results in different configurations. Furthermore, five influencing paths of employees’ non-high intrapreneurial behavior were divided into three types: ability obstacle type, perception obstacle type, and value obstacle type.These have an asymmetric causal relationship with employees’ high intrapreneurial behavior. This study provides management support for effectively stimulating employees’ intrapreneurial behavior.
  • 1.5K
  • 26 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Corporate Social Responsibility in Corporate Strategies of SDGs
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a unique collective agreement of the modern time, which was concluded between government, society, and business at a global scale and which ensures outstanding progress in sustainable development. Society is the direct beneficiary of the SDGs, but bears the lowest expenditures for their implementation and, thus, supports them. The government protects society’s interests, and implementation of the SDGs is among its main responsibilities. Participation of business in the achievement of the SDGs is complex and contradictory, deserving special attention. It is no coincidence that the necessity for the integration of the SDGs into corporate strategies is a part of the agenda in the Decade of Action.
  • 1.5K
  • 22 Jun 2022
Topic Review
Autism and Emotional Intelligence
Emotional intelligence is important within the workplace, as indicated by the multitude of positive workplace outcomes associated with heightened emotional intelligence. Research has demonstrated that many autistic individuals exhibit lower levels of trait emotional intelligence, potentially putting them at a disadvantage within the workplace. Examining emotional intelligence via its separate components, however, suggests autistic adults may not fare as poorly as trait-level research may indicate.
  • 1.5K
  • 17 May 2023
Topic Review
Air Cargo Logistics Industry in South Africa
The air cargo logistics industry is part of the services offered in the aviation sector. The industry fulfils a segment of the supply chain system for the seamless distribution of goods to meet consumers’ demands.
  • 1.5K
  • 04 Dec 2023
Topic Review Peer Reviewed
Likert-Type Scale
The Likert-type scale is a widely used psychometric instrument for measuring attitudes, opinions, or perceptions in research contexts. It presents respondents with a series of statements accompanied by symmetrical response options, typically structured on a five-point scale ranging from “Strongly Disagree” to “Strongly Agree”. Each point on the scale represents a gradation of agreement or sentiment, allowing researchers to transform subjective responses into quantifiable data for statistical analysis and interpretation.
  • 1.5K
  • 13 Mar 2025
Topic Review
Circular Fashion Analysis
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015 provides a catalogue of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). In this context, Circular fashion stands out as one of the sectors where commitment to the SDGs is most needed, given its global nature and its significant growth in terms of consumption. Moreover, it is not possible to assert that society, in general, is aware of the importance of the principles that guide circularity, both in terms of awareness and attitudes.
  • 1.5K
  • 02 Nov 2022
Topic Review
E-Cigarette Industrial Clusters in Shenzhen
As an emerging industry, e-cigarettes have been greatly prosperous globally in recent years. In China, Shenzhen is the center of e-cigarette production, and a complete business ecosystem has been built at this point. 
  • 1.5K
  • 30 May 2022
Topic Review
Smart and Sustainable Cities (SSC)
The concept of SC, which was launched about 20 years ago, significantly influenced the city managers and paved the way for the transformation of cities to achieve their sustainability. More than 40 definitions and 30 conceptual models were proposed to clarify the term “smart city” that differ from each other due to the different perspectives and approaches developed for its modeling and design. Many SC definitions emphasize the use of ICT to effectively combine resources to make the city more interconnected, smart and viable, while some other sustainability oriented definitions focus on combining soft infrastructure (i.e., people, knowledge, communities, business processes, etc.) and the hard infrastructure (i.e., ICTs, buildings, city facilities, etc.) to provide a viable, efficient and sustainable city. In the latter case, the term SSC is often used instead of the term SC. Reference considers a smart (sustainable) city as an innovative city that exploits ICTs and other means, with the purpose of improving the quality of life, the efficiency of urban services and operation and competitiveness, while ensuring the needs of present and future generations regarding economic, social and environmental aspects. The improvement of the quality of life and the economy, the development of efficient urban infrastructure, ensuring social inclusion, sustainable management and conservation of natural resources and ensuring good governance are the main goals of SC. According to the conceptual model of, the SC ecosystem consists of six dimensions, which are: (i) smart economy, (ii) smart governance, (iii) smart environment, (iv) smart people, (v) smart mobility and (vi) smart living.
  • 1.5K
  • 23 Aug 2021
Topic Review
Dago Dazzler
A dago dazzler is an elaborately decorated document used to identify its bearer, usually an academic, as someone with an official association with an institution, usually a university or college, with the purpose of impressing low-level bureaucrats, usually of a foreign nation, so that they will allow the bearer to gain access to archived material or to perform some other action. The document is given more than the usual amount of decoration—often with colored ribbons and shiny seals—solely for the purpose of impressing bureaucrats. The term, used by academics and sometimes by government officials, is meant to disparage the bureaucrats, who are usually located in another country. The first word (dago) is an ethnic slur for Italians (and sometimes Spaniards and Latin Americans), but dago dazzlers have been used in other countries, including China . Dago dazzlers were created as early as the late 19th century in the United States , but examples have been referred to in recent decades. Published references nowadays are often accompanied by a statement by the writer that the word "dago" in the term is an ethnic slur.
  • 1.5K
  • 25 Oct 2022
Topic Review
Corporate Governance
A good corporate governance relies on the existence of some trust relationships between the entity, the investors, and other interested parties.
  • 1.5K
  • 26 Jun 2022
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