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Biography
Thomas J. Biersteker
Thomas J. Biersteker (born May 2, 1950) is an American political scientist and a notable constructivism scholar. He became the first Curt Gasteyger Professor of International Security at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID) in Geneva, Switzerland in 2007, where he is also a member of the Centre on Conflict, Development and Peacebuilding.[1] He is an active memb
  • 940
  • 28 Nov 2022
Biography
Alfred Rupert Hall
Alfred Rupert Hall (or Rupert Hall) (26 July 1920 – 5 February 2009) was a prominent British historian of science, known as editor of a collection of Isaac Newton's unpublished scientific papers (1962), and Newton's correspondence, in 1977.[1] He went to Christ's College, Cambridge in 1938 to study history, but his studies were interrupted by war service. He completed his degree in 1946 and
  • 940
  • 09 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Trisomy 21 Evaluation
Trisomy 21 (T21), also known as Down syndrome, is one of the most frequently occurring chromosomal aberrations, appearing in 1 in 319 to 1 in 1000 live births. The most frequently diagnosed duplication of chromosome 21 as a result of the abnormal nondisjunction of chromosomes occurs in an estimated 95% of cases, and the remaining 5% are associated with translocation and somatic mosaicism. T21 patients struggle with physical and mental disabilities and many others comorbidities, such as heart defects, thyroid disease, leukemia, cancers, Alzheimer’s disease, and others.
  • 940
  • 16 Jan 2023
Topic Review
ROS-1 Gene
The ROS-1 gene plays a major role in the oncogenesis of numerous tumors. ROS-1 rearrangement is found in 0.9–2.6% of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), mostly lung adenocarcinomas, with a significantly higher rate of women, non-smokers, and a tendency to a younger age.
  • 938
  • 15 Feb 2022
Biography
John Rutledge
John Rutledge (born August 16, 1948) was one of the principal architects of the Ronald Reagan economic plan in 1980-81 and was an advisor to the George W. Bush White House on tax policy in the United States. Rutledge is the Chairman of Rutledge Capital,[1] a private equity investment firm that has invested more than $150 million in middle market manufacturing, distribution, and service companie
  • 938
  • 13 Dec 2022
Biography
Jim Kent
William James Kent (born February 10, 1960) is an United States research scientist and computer programmer. He has been a contributor to genome database projects and the 2003 winner of the Benjamin Franklin Award. Kent was born in Hawaii and grew up in San Francisco, California , United States . Kent began his programming career in 1983 with Island Graphics Inc. where he wrote the Aegis An
  • 935
  • 01 Dec 2022
Biography
John Nuckolls
John Hopkin Nuckolls (born 17 November 1930) is an American physicist who worked his entire career at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. He is best known for the development of inertial confinement fusion, which is a major branch of fusion power research to this day. He was also the lab's director from 1988 until 1994, when he resigned to become an Associate Director at Large. He was aw
  • 935
  • 09 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Deinococcus Marmoris
Deinococcus marmoris is a Gram-positive bacterium isolated from Antarctica. As a species of the genus Deinococcus, the bacterium is UV-tolerant and able to withstand low temperatures.
  • 933
  • 01 Dec 2022
Biography
Hans Thoenen
Hans Thoenen (born 5 May 1928 in Zweisimmen, Switzerland; died 23 June 2012 in Munich, Germany) was a Swiss neurobiologist best known for his work on neurotrophins.[1][2][3] Thoenen studied medicine at the Universities of Bern and Innsbruck, graduating in 1953 and receiving his doctorate from Bern in 1957. In 1961 he joined the research laboratories of the Swiss pharmaceutical company Hoffman
  • 933
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Breast Cancer Biomedical Imaging
With the exponential increase in new cases coupled with an increased mortality rate, cancer has ranked as the second most prevalent cause of death in the world. Early detection is paramount for suitable diagnosis and effective treatment of different kinds of cancers, but this is limited to the accuracy and sensitivity of available diagnostic imaging methods. Breast cancer is the most widely diagnosed cancer among women across the globe with a high percentage of total cancer deaths requiring an intensive, accurate, and sensitive imaging approach. Indeed, it is treatable when detected at an early stage. Hence, the use of state of the art computational approaches has been proposed as a potential alternative approach for the design and development of novel diagnostic imaging methods for breast cancer. Thus, this entry provides a concise overview of past and present conventional diagnostics approaches in breast cancer detection. 
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  • 22 Oct 2020
Topic Review
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Iron deficiency (ID) anemia is the foremost micronutrient deficiency worldwide, affecting around 40% of pregnant women and young children. ID during the prenatal and early postnatal periods has a pronounced effect on neurodevelopment, resulting in long-term effects such as cognitive impairment and increased risk for neuropsychiatric disorders. Treatment of ID has been complicated as it does not always resolve the long-lasting neurodevelopmental deficits. A better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms is needed in order to develop more effective treatments.
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  • 21 Dec 2021
Biography
Robert E. Hopkins
Robert Earl Hopkins (June 30, 1915 – July 4, 2009) was president of the Optical Society of America in 1973.[1] Recognized as an expert in optical instrument design, aspheric optics, interferometry, lasers, and lens testing, Hopkins has been characterized as the "father of optical engineering." Born in Belmont, MA, in 1915, Hopkins attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) unde
  • 931
  • 29 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Active Ingredients and Carriers in Nutritional Eco-Cosmetics
Beauty and personal care became a significant part of the global economy for two reasons: (1) The elderly growing in the global population and (2) the desire of women and men to appear younger and more attractive. Thus, both young and old people are looking for revolutionary nutritional eco-cosmetics (combined use of cosmeceuticals and nutraceuticals) manufactured by natural active ingredients, using biopolymers as substrates, and made by innovative and sustainable technologies. Consequently, the market of both cosmetics and diet supplements is continually growing together with the request of natural active ingredients, including bio-peptides and biological macromolecules such as chitin and lignin. Therefore, both consumers and industry need to recover innovative active ingredients and carriers (vehicles), naturally derived and supported by advanced methods for controlling their effectiveness and safeness on skin and mucous membrane layers. The use of selected bio-ingredients, such as hyaluronic acid and bio-mimetic peptides, obtained by advanced, innovative and sustainable bio nanotechnologies, will be of interest to develop smart cosmeceutical and nutraceutical formulations. Innovation is considered the key business strategy to drive sustainable economic growth. For trying to reduce waste and produce sustainable, biodegradable and innovative products, the realization of new non-woven tissues, used as carriers for making innovative cosmeceuticals and nutraceuticals was considered. Both carriers and active ingredients have been obtained from food waste to reduce loss and pollution.
  • 931
  • 06 Jun 2023
Biography
Olzhas Zhandosov
Olzhas Zhandosov (born June 30, 1976) - kazakh oncologist, doctor of medical sciences, academician of the IAIT (International Academy of Informatization), the author of unique patented methods of complex approach in the treatment of gastrointestinal tract cancer. Last few years one of the most quoted in medicine, oncology and ecology. Pupil of Prof. Abraham Kuten and Prof. Galina Kausova. Olz
  • 924
  • 27 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Threatened Fauna of Australia
Threatened fauna of Australia are those species and subspecies of birds, fish, frogs, insects, mammals, molluscs, crustaceans and reptiles to be found in Australia that are in danger of becoming extinct. This list is the list proclaimed under the Australian federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act). The classifications are based on those used by the World Conservation Union (IUCN), however IUCN and Australian rankings do differ. Each state and territory has its own legislation relating to environmental protection]].
  • 923
  • 11 Nov 2022
Biography
Gereon Niedner-Schatteburg
Gereon Niedner-Schatteburg (born 21 November 1959, geb. Niedner) is a German Physicist and Chemist. He is Professor of Physical Chemistry at the Department of Chemistry of the University of Kaiserslautern. Since 2011 he acts as director of the DFG funded transregional collaborative research center SFB/TRR 88 3MET.de. Niedner-Schatteburg received his secondary school certificate 1975 in Kreien
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  • 20 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Sami (Chimpanzee)
Sami (Serbian Cyrillic: Сами; 1979 – 11 September 1992) was a chimpanzee who was kept at the Belgrade Zoo between January 1988 and September 1992. Sami managed to escape from his enclosure twice within the span of several days in February 1988; he was recaptured both times. During his first escape attempt, Sami headed for the Balkan Cinema in downtown Belgrade and then to Kalemegdan Park. Before he could reach Kalemegdan Park, Sami was cornered at Students Square. He was eventually convinced to return to his enclosure by zoo director Vuk Bojović, who took Sami by the hand and drove him back to the zoo in his car. Sami's second escape attempt, which occurred two days later, was the subject of intense media scrutiny. Over 4,000 Belgraders, many of whom identified with the chimpanzee's predicament and drew parallels between Sami's captivity and their own plight under communism, gathered outside the courtyard where Sami had been cornered and held up placards imploring Sami not to give himself up. Sami was eventually shot with a tranquilizer dart and taken back to the zoo. The publicity sparked by Sami's two escape attempts prompted calls for infrastructure improvements to the Belgrade Zoo, leading to the construction of a new gate and several new enclosures. Sami died of natural causes in 1992 and was buried at the lawn next to the zoo's entrance. Four years later, a bronze statue of the chimpanzee was unveiled at the zoo.
  • 918
  • 31 Oct 2022
Biography
Vitaly Alexandrovich Khonik
Khonik Vitaly Alexandrovich (Russian: Хоник Виталий Александрович; born 17 December 1955) is a Russian physicist, doctor of physics and mathematics, professor, head of a laboratory researching the physics of non-crystalline materials, and head of the Department of General Physics at Voronezh State Pedagogical University (VSPU). He was born in Kemerovo, USSR. [1] His lab
  • 917
  • 15 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Relict
In biogeography and paleontology, a relict is a population or taxon of organisms that was more widespread or more diverse in the past. A relictual population is a population currently inhabiting a restricted area whose range was far wider during a previous geologic epoch. Similarly, a relictual taxon is a taxon (e.g. species or other lineage) which is the sole surviving representative of a formerly diverse group.
  • 916
  • 03 Nov 2022
Biography
Elkhan Nuriyev
Elkhan Nuriyev (Russian: Эльхан Эльдарович Нуриев) (Azerbaijani: Elxan Eldar oğlu Nuriyev; born 15 May 1969, Baku, Azerbaijan) is a political scientist and a scholar of Russian and post-Soviet studies, including the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Greater Middle East. He publishes widely and conducts regular briefings at the request of the international organizations and th
  • 916
  • 28 Nov 2022
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