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Biography
Wilmot N. Hess
Wilmot N. Hess (October 16, 1926 – April 16, 2004) was an American physicist who was involved with many ambitious scientific projects of the 20th century, including: the Plowshares project, the NASA Apollo moon missions, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) hurricane research and oil spill cleanup research, the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) weather modif
  • 995
  • 29 Dec 2022
Biography
Zinaida Ershova
Zinaida Vasil'evna Ershova (also Yershova) (Russian: Ершова Зинаида Васильевна) (23 October 1904 — 25 April 1995) was a Russian chemist, physicist and engineer. She spent her entire career working with radioactive elements and headed laboratories producing radioactive materials used mostly in the Soviet atomic bomb project and the Soviet space programme. She was born
  • 993
  • 08 Dec 2022
Biography
Richard M. Osgood Jr.
Richard Magee Osgood Junior (born December 28, 1943 in Kansas City).[1] is an American applied and pure physicist (condensed matter and chemical physics of surfaces, laser technology, nano-optics). He is currently Higgins Professor of Electrical Engineering[2] and Applied Physics[3] at Columbia University. Osgood began his scientific career in 1966, after graduating from the U.S. Military Aca
  • 993
  • 09 Dec 2022
Biography
Georg Joos
Georg Jakob Christof Joos (25 May 1894 in Bad Urach, German Empire – 20 May 1959 in Munich, West Germany) was a German experimental physicist. He wrote Lehrbuch der theoretischen Physik, first published in 1932 and one of the most influential theoretical physics textbooks of the 20th Century. Joos began his higher education in 1912 at the Technische Hochschule Stuttgart. He then went to stu
  • 992
  • 12 Dec 2022
Biography
Tom Cotter
Tom Cotter (born 1972) is an American conservationist, entrepreneur, renewable energy advocate, and ordained evangelical minister living in Clovis, California . Tom Cotter grew up in Napa Valley, California , United States . A significant influence was the Boy Scouts of America. In 1988, Cotter was awarded the title of Eagle Scout. In 1997, he was ordained clergy at First Christian Churc
  • 991
  • 02 Dec 2022
Biography
Henri Abraham
Henri Abraham (1868–1943) was a France physicist who made important contributions to the science of radio waves. He performed some of the first measurements of the propagation velocity of radio waves, helped develop France's first triode vacuum tube, and with Eugene Bloch invented the astable multivibrator.[1] Henri Abraham was born July 12, 1868 in the 1st arrondissement of Paris. After br
  • 991
  • 08 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Haptic Memory
Haptic memory is the form of sensory memory specific to touch stimuli. Haptic memory is used regularly when assessing the necessary forces for gripping and interacting with familiar objects. It may also influence one's interactions with novel objects of an apparently similar size and density. Similar to visual iconic memory, traces of haptically acquired information are short lived and prone to decay after approximately two seconds. Haptic memory is best for stimuli applied to areas of the skin that are more sensitive to touch. Haptics involves at least two subsystems; cutaneous, or everything skin related, and kinesthetic, or joint angle and the relative location of body. Haptics generally involves active, manual examination and is quite capable of processing physical traits of objects and surfaces.
  • 991
  • 17 Oct 2022
Biography
Jean Gagnepain
Jean Gagnepain (November 16, 1923 – January 3, 2006) was a French linguist and anthropologist. Jean Gagnepain was born on November 16, 1923, in Sully-sur-Loire (Loiret, France ). After obtaining an Agrégation in grammar, he carried on his study of language under the direction of Joseph Vendryes. He went to Dublin for about ten years to study celtic languages and concluded his stay in Irel
  • 990
  • 20 Dec 2022
Biography
William R. Blair
William Richards Blair (November 7, 1874 – September 2, 1962) was an American scientist and U.S. Army officer, who worked on the development of the radar in United States starting during the 1930s. He led the U.S. Army's Signal Corps Laboratories during its formative years and is often called the "Father of American Radar".[1] Blair was born in Ireland in County Londonderry on November 7, 1
  • 990
  • 22 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Lung Cavity
A lung cavity or pulmonary cavity is an abnormal, thick-walled, air-filled space within the lung. Cavities in the lung can be caused by infections, cancer, autoimmune conditions, trauma, congenital defects, or pulmonary embolism. The most common cause of a single lung cavity is lung cancer. Bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal infections are common causes of lung cavities. Globally, tuberculosis is likely the most common infectious cause of lung cavities. Less commonly, parasitic infections can cause cavities. Viral infections almost never cause cavities. The terms cavity and cyst are frequently used interchangeably; however, a cavity is thick walled (at least 5 mm), while a cyst is thin walled (4 mm or less). The distinction is important because cystic lesions are unlikely to be cancer, while cavitary lesions are often caused by cancer. Diagnosis of a lung cavity is made with a chest X-ray or CT scan of the chest, which helps to exclude mimics like lung cysts, emphysema, bullae, and cystic bronchiectasis. Once an imaging diagnosis has been made, a person’s symptoms can be used to further narrow the differential diagnosis. For example, recent onset of fever and productive cough suggest an infection, while a chronic cough, fatigue, and unintentional weight loss suggest cancer or tuberculosis. Symptoms of a lung cavity due to infection can include fever, chills, and cough. Knowing how long someone has had symptoms for or how long a cavity has been present on imaging can also help to narrow down the diagnosis. If symptoms or imaging findings have been present for less than three months, the cause is most likely an acute infection; if they have been present for more than three months, the cause is most likely a chronic infection, cancer, or an autoimmune disease. The presence of lung cavities is associated with worse outcomes in lung cancer and tuberculosis; however, if a lung cancer develops cavitation after chemotherapy and radiofrequency ablation, that indicates a good response to treatment.
  • 988
  • 06 Oct 2022
Biography
Martin Pope
Martin Pope (born August 22, 1918) is a physical chemist and professor emeritus at New York University. His discoveries of ohmic contacts and research in the fields of organic insulators and semiconductors led to techniques enabling organic semiconductors to carry relatively large currents, and to convert electricity into light and vice versa. These discoveries have had application in electroph
  • 988
  • 15 Dec 2022
Biography
Peter Freund
Peter George Oliver Freund (7 September 1936, Timișoara – 6 March 2018, Chicago ) was a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Chicago.[1] He made important contributions to particle physics and string theory. He was also active as a writer. Peter George Oliver Freund was born, raised and educated in the Romanian city of Timișoara. Because of his participation in an anti-So
  • 988
  • 26 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Proteomic Landscape of Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer (OC) is often used as an umbrella term referring to malignancies caused by ovarian epithelial inclusion cysts that are trapped beneath the surface of the epithelium of the ovary as well as malignancies in the peritoneum and fallopian tube.
  • 987
  • 17 Jun 2021
Biography
William V. Houston
William Vermillion Houston (January 19, 1900 – August 22, 1968) was an United States physicist who made contributions to spectroscopy, quantum mechanics, and solid-state physics as well as being a teacher and administrator. He became the second president of Rice University in 1946. His family name is pronounced HOW-stun, in contrast to the pronunciation of the city of Houston in which he live
  • 987
  • 01 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Diagnosis Using Urine Samples
Urine is a by-product of kidney metabolism and is rich in many nitrogen-containing substances, including urea, uric acid and creatinine, which are excreted from the body as water-soluble chemicals during urination. The urine volume of normal healthy adults ranges from 0.6 to 2.6 L per day, where approximately 91–96% of this urine is composed of water. However, urine also contains various inorganic salts and organic compounds, such as proteins, hormones, and metabolites. The chemical composition of fresh urine mainly consists of nitrogen, ammonium, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, phosphorus, potassium, sulfate, sodium, magnesium, chloride, and calcium. Moreover, the urine of healthy individuals is clear or light yellow in color. However, in the presence of certain diseases or disorders, such as hematuria, diabetes, or kidney stones, distinct changes in the color, composition or smell of urine may occur. Therefore, urine serves as an important bio-rich resource for health monitoring.
  • 985
  • 16 Aug 2021
Biography
David Ceperley
David Ceperley (1949-) is a theoretical physicist in the physics department at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign or UIUC. He is a world expert in the area of Quantum Monte Carlo computations, a method of calculation that is generally recognized to provide accurate quantitative results for many-body problems described by quantum mechanics. Ceperley was born in Charleston, West Virgin
  • 984
  • 13 Dec 2022
Biography
Kip Siegel
Keeve M. (Kip) Siegel (1923-1975) was a United States of America physicist. He was a professor of Physics at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, MI, and the founder of Conductron Corporation, a high tech producer of electronic equipment which was absorbed by McDonnell Douglas Corporation; KMS Industries and KMS Fusion. KMS Fusion was the first and only private sector company to pursue contr
  • 983
  • 09 Dec 2022
Biography
Tullio Regge
Tullio Eugenio Regge (July 11, 1931 – October 23, 2014) was an Italian theoretical physicist.[1] Regge obtained the laurea in physics from the University of Turin in 1952 under the direction of Mario Verde and Gleb Wataghin, and a Ph.D. in physics from the University of Rochester in 1957 under the direction of Robert Marshak. From 1958 to 1959 Regge held a post at the Max Planck Institute f
  • 982
  • 18 Nov 2022
Biography
Edward Frederick Robert Bage
Edward Frederick Robert Bage (17 April 1888 – 7 May 1915) was an Australian polar explorer with Douglas Mawson's Australasian Antarctic Expedition in 1912, and a soldier with the Royal Australian Engineers during World War I. Bob Bage was the only son of Edward Bage,[1] a wholesale chemist from St Kilda, a suburb of Melbourne. He had two sisters, Freda Bage, who would become a lecturer in b
  • 982
  • 16 Dec 2022
Biography
J. Richard Gott
John Richard Gott III (born February 8, 1947) is a professor of astrophysical sciences at Princeton University. He is known for his work on time travel and the Doomsday argument. Paul Davies's bestseller How to Build a Time Machine credits Gott with the proposal of using cosmic strings to create a time machine. Gott's machine depends upon the antigravitational tension of the (hypothetical) st
  • 980
  • 23 Nov 2022
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