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Biography
Merrill Brian Maple
Merrill Brian Maple (born November 20, 1939) is an American physicist. He is a Distinguished Professor of Physics and holds the Bernd T. Matthias Chair in the Physics Department at the University of California, San Diego, and conducts research at the university's Center for Advanced Nanoscience. He has also served as the director of UCSD's Institute for Pure and Applied Physical Sciences (1995-2
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  • 26 Dec 2022
Biography
Henri Abraham
Henri Abraham (1868–1943) was a France physicist who made important contributions to the science of radio waves. He performed some of the first measurements of the propagation velocity of radio waves, helped develop France's first triode vacuum tube, and with Eugene Bloch invented the astable multivibrator.[1] Henri Abraham was born July 12, 1868 in the 1st arrondissement of Paris. After br
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  • 08 Dec 2022
Biography
Robley D. Evans
Robley Dunglison Evans (May 18, 1907, University Place, Nebraska – December 31, 1995, Paradise Valley, Arizona) was an American nuclear physicist and pioneer of nuclear medicine. He was the president of the Health Physics Society in 1972–1973.[1] His father Manley Jefferson Evans (1878–1970) and mother Alice Jennie Turner (1882–1965) married in August 1905 in O'Neill, Nebraska. Manley
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  • 14 Dec 2022
Biography
Varun Grover
Varun Grover (born 1959) is an American Information systems researcher, who is the David D. Glass Endowed Chair and Distinguished Professor at the Walton School of Business, University of Arkansas. From 2002-17, he was the William S. Lee (Duke Energy) Distinguished Professor of Information Systems at Clemson University, where he taught doctoral seminars on methods and information systems.[1] He
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  • 13 Dec 2022
Biography
Joseph Dwyer
Joseph R. Dwyer (born 1963) is an American physicist known for his lightning research. He is a Professor of Physics at the University of New Hampshire. Dwyer received his Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Chicago in 1994 and worked on cosmic-ray physics and gamma-ray astronomy as a research scientist at Columbia University and the University of Maryland before joining the faculty at the Fl
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  • 15 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Salanoia durrelli
Salanoia durrelli, also known as Durrell's vontsira, is a Madagascar mammal in the family Eupleridae of the order Carnivora. It is most closely related to the brown-tailed mongoose (Salanoia concolor), with which it forms the genus Salanoia. The two are genetically similar, but morphologically distinct, leading scientists to recognize them as separate species. After an individual was observed in 2004, the animal became known to science and S. durrelli was described as a new species in 2010. It is found only in the Lac Alaotra area. A small, reddish-brown carnivore, Salanoia durrelli is characterized by broad feet with prominent pads, reddish-buff underparts, and broad, robust teeth, among other differences from the brown-tailed mongoose. In the only two weighed specimens, body mass was 600 and 675 g (21.2 and 23.8 oz). It is a marsh-dwelling animal that may feed on crustaceans and mollusks. The Lac Alaotra area is a threatened ecosystem, and S. durrelli may also be endangered by competition with introduced species.
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  • 10 Oct 2022
Biography
Harold A. Zahl
Harold Adelbert Zahl (August 24, 1904 – March 11, 1973) was an American physicist who had a 35-year career with the U.S. Army Signal Corps Laboratories, making major contributions to radar development. Harold Zahl was born in Chatsworth, Illinois, the son of an Evangelical minister. While still in high school, he became an amateur radio operator (call letters 6BHI). He graduated in physics
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  • 08 Dec 2022
Biography
Richard M. Osgood Jr.
Richard Magee Osgood Junior (born December 28, 1943 in Kansas City).[1] is an American applied and pure physicist (condensed matter and chemical physics of surfaces, laser technology, nano-optics). He is currently Higgins Professor of Electrical Engineering[2] and Applied Physics[3] at Columbia University. Osgood began his scientific career in 1966, after graduating from the U.S. Military Aca
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  • 09 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Diagnosis Using Urine Samples
Urine is a by-product of kidney metabolism and is rich in many nitrogen-containing substances, including urea, uric acid and creatinine, which are excreted from the body as water-soluble chemicals during urination. The urine volume of normal healthy adults ranges from 0.6 to 2.6 L per day, where approximately 91–96% of this urine is composed of water. However, urine also contains various inorganic salts and organic compounds, such as proteins, hormones, and metabolites. The chemical composition of fresh urine mainly consists of nitrogen, ammonium, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, nitrite, phosphorus, potassium, sulfate, sodium, magnesium, chloride, and calcium. Moreover, the urine of healthy individuals is clear or light yellow in color. However, in the presence of certain diseases or disorders, such as hematuria, diabetes, or kidney stones, distinct changes in the color, composition or smell of urine may occur. Therefore, urine serves as an important bio-rich resource for health monitoring.
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  • 16 Aug 2021
Biography
Georg Stetter
Georg Carl Stetter (23 December 1895 – 14 July 1988) was an Austrian-Germany nuclear physicist. Stetter was Director of the Second Physics Institute of the University of Vienna. He was a principal member of the German nuclear energy project, also known as the Uranium Club. In the latter years of World War II, he was also the Director of the Institute for Neutron Research. After the war, he wa
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  • 09 Dec 2022
Biography
Ignace Robert Dautray
Ignace Robert Dautray, born Kouchelevitz on February 1, 1928 in the 10th arrondissement of Paris,[1] is a French engineer, former scientific director of the French Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA) and former High Commissioner for Atomic Energy. He is a member of the French Academy of Sciences, section mechanical and computer sciences,[2] and of the French Academy of Technology.[3] Bor
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  • 20 Dec 2022
Biography
Zinaida Ershova
Zinaida Vasil'evna Ershova (also Yershova) (Russian: Ершова Зинаида Васильевна) (23 October 1904 — 25 April 1995) was a Russian chemist, physicist and engineer. She spent her entire career working with radioactive elements and headed laboratories producing radioactive materials used mostly in the Soviet atomic bomb project and the Soviet space programme. She was born
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  • 08 Dec 2022
Biography
Georg Joos
Georg Jakob Christof Joos (25 May 1894 in Bad Urach, German Empire – 20 May 1959 in Munich, West Germany) was a German experimental physicist. He wrote Lehrbuch der theoretischen Physik, first published in 1932 and one of the most influential theoretical physics textbooks of the 20th Century. Joos began his higher education in 1912 at the Technische Hochschule Stuttgart. He then went to stu
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  • 12 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Danaus (Genus)
Danaus, commonly called tigers, milkweeds, monarchs, wanderers, and queens, is a genus of butterflies in the tiger butterfly tribe. They are found worldwide, including North America, South America, Africa, Asia, Indonesia and Australia . For other tigers see the genus, Parantica.
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  • 19 Oct 2022
Biography
Tullio Regge
Tullio Eugenio Regge (July 11, 1931 – October 23, 2014) was an Italian theoretical physicist.[1] Regge obtained the laurea in physics from the University of Turin in 1952 under the direction of Mario Verde and Gleb Wataghin, and a Ph.D. in physics from the University of Rochester in 1957 under the direction of Robert Marshak. From 1958 to 1959 Regge held a post at the Max Planck Institute f
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  • 18 Nov 2022
Biography
Herbert Mataré
Herbert Franz Mataré (22 September 1912 – 2 September 2011[1]) was a Germany physicist. The focus of his research was the field of semiconductor research. His best-known work is the first functional "European" transistor, which he developed and patented together with Heinrich Welker in the vicinity of Paris in 1948, at the same time and independently from the Bell Labs engineers. The final 20
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  • 12 Dec 2022
Biography
Martin Pope
Martin Pope (born August 22, 1918) is a physical chemist and professor emeritus at New York University. His discoveries of ohmic contacts and research in the fields of organic insulators and semiconductors led to techniques enabling organic semiconductors to carry relatively large currents, and to convert electricity into light and vice versa. These discoveries have had application in electroph
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  • 15 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel
Calcium-activated potassium channels are potassium channels gated by calcium, or that are structurally or phylogenetically related to calcium gated channels. They were first discovered in 1958 by Gardos who saw that Calcium levels inside of a cell could affect the permeability of potassium through that cell membrane. Then in 1970, Meech was the first to observe that intracellular calcium could trigger potassium currents. In humans they are divided into three subtypes large conductance or BK channels, which have very high conductance which range from 100 to 300 pS, intermediate conductance or IK channels, with intermediate conductance ranging from 25 to 100 pS, and small conductance or SK channels with small conductances from 2-25 pS. This family of ion channels is, for the most part, activated by intracellular Ca2+ and contains 8 members in the human genome. However, some of these channels (the KCa4 and KCa5 channels) are responsive instead to other intracellular ligands, such as Na+, Cl−, and pH. Furthermore, multiple members of family are both ligand and voltage activated, further complicating the description of this family. The KCa channel α subunits have six or seven transmembrane segments, similar to the KV channels but occasionally with an additional N-terminal transmembrane helix. The α subunits make homo- and hetero-tetrameric complexes. The calcium binding domain may be contained in the α subunit sequence, as in KCa1, or may be through an additional calcium binding protein such as calmodulin.
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  • 17 Nov 2022
Biography
William R. Blair
William Richards Blair (November 7, 1874 – September 2, 1962) was an American scientist and U.S. Army officer, who worked on the development of the radar in United States starting during the 1930s. He led the U.S. Army's Signal Corps Laboratories during its formative years and is often called the "Father of American Radar".[1] Blair was born in Ireland in County Londonderry on November 7, 1
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  • 22 Nov 2022
Biography
Elias Burstein
Elias "Eli" Burstein (September 30, 1917 – June 17, 2017) was an American experimental condensed matter physicist whose active career in science spanned seven decades.[1] He is known for his pioneering fundamental research in the optical physics of solids; for writing and editing hundreds of articles and other publications; for bringing together scientists from around the world in internationa
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  • 09 Dec 2022
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