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Topic Review
Questioning Techniques
Questioning techniques are methods used to formulate, present, and sequence questions to elicit information, assess understanding, stimulate discussion, and promote learning. In educational settings, these techniques include the use of open-ended and closed questions, probing and follow-up questions, Socratic questioning, prompting, and appropriate wait time [1][2][3]. Their selection depends on instructional objectives, learners’ prior knowledge, and the level of cognitive engagement sought. Effective questioning can encourage learners to explain their reasoning, examine assumptions, compare perspectives, and evaluate evidence, thereby supporting critical thinking and deeper understanding [1][2][4]. Questioning techniques are also used to identify misconceptions and guide subsequent teaching and learning activities.
  • 2
  • 06 Nov 2026
Topic Review
Cultural Competence
Cultural competence is the capacity to understand, respect, and respond effectively to cultural differences in interpersonal, educational, professional, and institutional contexts. It involves an ongoing process of developing cultural awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and skills, including the ability to examine one's own cultural assumptions, recognize different worldviews, and adapt behaviors and practices to the needs and perspectives of people from diverse cultural backgrounds [1]. In educational settings, cultural competence supports inclusive teaching, intercultural understanding, and equitable participation by acknowledging how cultural values, beliefs, languages, and experiences shape learning and social interaction [1][2]. It is a developmental process that requires continued reflection, learning, and engagement with diverse communities.
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  • 06 Nov 2026
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