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Topic Review
Requirements for Trustworthy AI
Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be very beneficial in the criminal justice system for predicting the risk of recidivism. AI provides unrivalled high computing power, speed, and accuracy; all harnessed to strengthen the efficiency in predicting convicted individuals who may be on the verge of recommitting a crime. The application of AI models for predicting recidivism has brought positive effects by minimizing the possible re-occurrence of crime. However, the question remains of whether criminal justice system stakeholders can trust AI systems regarding fairness, transparency, privacy and data protection, consistency, societal well-being, and accountability when predicting convicted individuals’ possible risk of recidivism. These are all requirements for a trustworthy AI. 
  • 341
  • 02 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Anomaly Detection Algorithms for LAN Failure Prediction
Predicting Local Area Network (LAN) equipment failure is of utmost importance to ensure the uninterrupted operation of modern communication networks. The utilization of machine learning algorithms, specifically decision trees and support vector machines (SVMs), for predicting LAN failures represents a groundbreaking approach in network management.
  • 340
  • 13 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Text Emotions on Non-English Datasets
Machine learning approaches, in particular graph learning methods, have achieved great results in the field of natural language processing, in particular text classification tasks. However, many of such models have shown limited generalization on datasets in different languages. 
  • 340
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Gallbladder Diseases
The gallbladder (GB) is a tiny pouch and a hollow organ located beneath the liver. Its primary role is to temporarily store bile. Bile is a fluid formed by the liver, which is used to aid digestion.  
  • 339
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Electrocardiogram-Based Emotion Recognition
Heart rate variability (HRV) serves as a significant physiological measure that mirrors the regulatory capacity of the cardiac autonomic nervous system. It not only indicates the extent of the autonomic nervous system’s influence on heart function but also unveils the connection between emotions and psychological disorders. 
  • 339
  • 14 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Detection Leaf Blight Using Guava Leaves Imaging
Fruit is an essential element of human life and a significant gain for the agriculture sector. Guava is a common fruit found in different countries. It is considered the fourth primary fruit in Pakistan. Several bacterial and fungal diseases found in guava fruit decrease production daily. Leaf Blight is a common disease found in guava fruit that affects the growth and production of fruit. Automatic detection of leaf blight disease in guava fruit can help avoid decreases in its production.
  • 339
  • 21 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Conversational Chatbots
A conversational chatbot or dialogue system is a computer program designed to simulate conversation with human users, especially over the Internet. These chatbots can be integrated into messaging apps, mobile apps, or websites, and are designed to engage in natural language conversations with users.
  • 338
  • 03 Mar 2023
Topic Review
Chatbots in the Healthcare Industry
Chatbots have become increasingly popular in the healthcare industry. In the area of preventive care, chatbots can provide personalized and timely solutions that aid individuals in maintaining their well-being and forestalling the development of chronic conditions.
  • 338
  • 24 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Smart Parking
Smart parking is an artificial intelligence-based solution to solve the challenges of inefficient utilization of parking slots, wasting time, congestion producing high CO2 emission levels, inflexible payment methods, and protecting parked vehicles from theft and vandalism. Nothing is worse than parking congestion caused by drivers looking for open spaces. This is common in large parking lots, underground garages, and multi-story car parks, where visibility is limited and signage can be confusing or difficult to read, so drivers have no idea where available parking spaces are.
  • 338
  • 21 Dec 2023
Topic Review
Local Explanation of Practical Industrial AI Applications
Numerous explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) use cases have been developed, to solve numerous real problems in industrial applications while maintaining the explainability level of the used artificial intelligence (AI) models to judge their quality and potentially hold the models accountable if they become corrupted. Therefore, understanding the state-of-the-art methods, pointing out issues, and deriving future directions are important to drive XAI research efficiently. 
  • 337
  • 30 May 2023
Topic Review
Intelligent Techniques Supply Chain Risk Prediction Systems
The term “supply chain” (SC) refers to the network of interconnected human, mechanical, activity, resource, and technical nodes involved in the creation and distribution of a product. It includes everything from the initial supply of raw materials or partially completed goods to the producer to the final delivery of the service or commodities to the final consumer or client. To ensure a continued supply of goods and resources, competent management of supply chain activities is required. Natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic, have significantly affected the usual flow of products and commodities, including necessities such as personal protective equipment (PPE), medical facial masks, ventilation supplies, and ventilatory assistance. Such circumstances may impair the smooth passage of commodities between divisions. As a result, it is obvious that acquiring this expertise will aid in dealing with these challenges.
  • 336
  • 10 Jul 2023
Topic Review
Malware Detection Method for with ViT Attention Mechanism
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being utilized in cybersecurity, particularly for detecting malicious applications. However, the black-box nature of AI models presents a significant challenge. This lack of transparency makes it difficult to understand and trust the results. In order to address this, it is necessary to incorporate explainability into the detection model. There is insufficient research to provide reasons why applications are detected as malicious or explain their behavior.
  • 336
  • 24 Jul 2023
Topic Review
AI and XAI for Visual Quality Assurance
Quality assurance (QA) plays a crucial role in manufacturing to ensure that products meet their specifications. However, manual QA processes are costly and time-consuming, thereby making artificial intelligence (AI) an attractive solution for automation and expert support. In particular, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have gained a lot of interest in visual inspection. Next to AI methods, the explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) systems, which achieve transparency and interpretability by providing insights into the decision-making process of the AI, are interesting methods for achieveing quality inspections in manufacturing processes.
  • 336
  • 02 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Hybrid Deep Belief Network in Traffic Flow Prediction
Accurate and timely traffic flow prediction not just allows traffic controllers to evade traffic congestion and guarantee standard traffic functioning, it even assists travelers to take advantage of planning ahead of schedule and modifying travel routes promptly. The presented hybrid deep belief network (AST2FP-OHDBN) model initially normalizes the traffic data using min–max normalization.
  • 335
  • 21 Nov 2022
Topic Review
GAN-Based Applications in Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Data scarcity in the healthcare domain is a major drawback for most state-of-the-art technologies engaging artificial intelligence. The unavailability of quality data due to both the difficulty to gather and label them as well as due to their sensitive nature create a breeding ground for data augmentation solutions. Parkinson’s Disease (PD) which can have a wide range of symptoms including motor impairments consists of a very challenging case for quality data acquisition. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can help alleviate such data availability issues.
  • 333
  • 22 Nov 2023
Topic Review
Blockchain and Machine Learning
Blockchain is the foundation of all cryptocurrencies, while machine learning (ML) is one of the most popular technologies with a wide range of possibilities. Blockchain may be improved and made more effective by using ML.
  • 332
  • 25 May 2023
Topic Review
Image Matting and Semi-Supervised Learning
Image matting refers to precisely estimating the foreground opacity mattes from a given image. It is a necessary task in the computer vision field and has a broad set of applications in image or video editing. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) utilizes unlabeled data to improve feature representation given limited labeled data. Two main branches of methods have been proposed, consistency regularization and pseudo-labeling.
  • 332
  • 15 Aug 2023
Topic Review
Keystroke Dynamics as a Language Profiling Tool
Understanding the distinct characteristics of unidentified Internet users is helpful in various contexts, including digital forensics, targeted advertising, and user interaction with services and systems. Keystroke dynamics (KD) enables the analysis of data derived from a user’s typing behaviour on a keyboard as one approach to obtain such information. 
  • 332
  • 20 Oct 2023
Topic Review
CNN Models for Skin Lesions Detection
Skin cancer is a widespread disease that typically develops on the skin due to frequent exposure to sunlight. Although cancer can appear on any part of the human body, skin cancer accounts for a significant proportion of all new cancer diagnoses worldwide. There are substantial obstacles to the precise diagnosis and classification of skin lesions because of morphological variety and indistinguishable characteristics across skin malignancies. Deep learning models have been used in the field of image-based skin-lesion diagnosis and have demonstrated diagnostic efficiency on par with that of dermatologists. 
  • 332
  • 22 Feb 2024
Topic Review
Blockchain in the Peer-to-Peer Energy Trades
Advancements in rooftop solar panel technology have sparked a revolution in the electricity markets. This has given rise to a new concept of energy exchange—the ability for consumers and producers to trade localized energy. This concept has been made possible by the emergence of blockchain technology, which has gained significant traction in the energy markets. Its unique ability to facilitate peer-to-peer (P2P) energy transactions has made it a promising solution for the trilemma of scalability, security, and decentralization. 
  • 331
  • 23 Feb 2024
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