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Biography
Anat Ninio
Anat Ninio (Hebrew: ענת ניניו‎; born August 10, 1944) is a professor emeritus of psychology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. She specializes in the interactive context of language acquisition, the communicative functions of speech, pragmatic development, and syntactic development. Ninio is best known for her work on joint picture-book reading of parents and young childre
  • 1.3K
  • 29 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Shark Agonistic Displays
Agonism is a broad term which encompasses many behaviours that result from, or are triggered by biological conflict between competing organisms. Approximately 23 shark species are capable of producing such displays when threatened by intraspecific or interspecific competitors, as an evolutionary strategy to avoid unnecessary combat. The behavioural, postural, social and kinetic elements which comprise this complex, ritualized display can be easily distinguished from normal, or non-display behaviour, considered typical of that species' life history. The display itself confers pertinent information to the foe regarding the displayer's physical fitness, body size, inborn biological weaponry, confidence and determination to fight. This behaviour is advantageous because it is much less biologically taxing for an individual to display its intention to fight than the injuries it would sustain during conflict, which is why agonistic displays have been reinforced through evolutionary time, as an adaptation to personal fitness. Agonistic displays are essential to the social dynamics of many biological taxa, extending far beyond sharks.
  • 1.3K
  • 22 Nov 2022
Biography
Paul Ruffin
Paul B. Ruffin, Ph.D. (born March 20, 1955) is an American scientist and educator. He is active in the field of applied science during his career as a research physicist conducting exploratory and advanced research and development in Fiber-optic communication, Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and Nanotechnology at the U. S. Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development, and Engineering C
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  • 13 Dec 2022
Biography
Ilan Sadeh
Ilan Sadeh (born June 1, 1953) is an Israeli IT theoretician, entrepreneur, and human rights activist. He holds the position of Associate Professor of Computer Sciences and Mathematics at the University for Information Science and Technology "St. Paul The Apostole"[1] in Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia. Sadeh was the first to claim publicly in the Israeli media that Israel has no right to be c
  • 1.3K
  • 29 Dec 2022
Biography
Hugo Lichte
Hugo Lichte (11 April 1891 in :de:Mengede, Germany − 27 July 1963 in Berlin, Germany) was a German physicist. He did pioneering work on the theory of sound propagation in the ocean and was a leading developer of motion picture technology during the transition from silent to sound film. Hugo Lichte studied mathematics, physics and chemistry at the University of Göttingen from 1909 to 1913.[
  • 1.2K
  • 15 Dec 2022
Biography
Michael Newdow
Michael Arthur Newdow (born June 24, 1953) is an United States attorney and emergency medicine physician. He is best known for his efforts to have recitations of the current version of the Pledge of Allegiance in public schools in the United States declared unconstitutional because of its inclusion of the phrase "under God". He also filed and lost a lawsuit to stop the invocation prayer at Presi
  • 1.2K
  • 15 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Neuropeptide Y
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36 amino-acid neuropeptide that is involved in various physiological and homeostatic processes in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. NPY has been identified as the most abundant peptide present in the mammalian central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord. It is secreted alongside other neurotransmitters such as GABA and glutamate.  In the autonomic system it is produced mainly by neurons of the sympathetic nervous system and serves as a strong vasoconstrictor and also causes growth of fat tissue. In the brain, it is produced in various locations including the hypothalamus, and is thought to have several functions, including: increasing food intake and storage of energy as fat, reducing anxiety and stress, reducing pain perception, affecting the circadian rhythm, reducing voluntary alcohol intake, lowering blood pressure, and controlling epileptic seizures.
  • 1.2K
  • 14 Nov 2022
Biography
Robert Karplus
Robert Karplus (February 23, 1927 – March 20, 1990) was a theoretical physicist and leader in the field of science education.[1] Robert Karplus was born in Vienna, where he lived until the German occupation of Austria in 1938. He emigrated with his mother and brother to escape the Anschluss. After a six-month stay in Switzerland , the family moved to the United States and settled in the Bos
  • 1.2K
  • 09 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Neurokinin B
Neurokinin B (NKB) belongs in the family of tachykinin peptides. Neurokinin B is implicated in a variety of human functions and pathways such as the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Additionally, NKB is associated with pregnancy in females and maturation in young adults. Reproductive function is highly dependent on levels of both neurokinin B and also the G-protein coupled receptor ligand kisspeptin. The first NKB studies done attempted to resolve why high levels of the peptide may be implicated in pre-eclampsia during pregnancy. NKB, kisspeptin, and dynorphin together are found in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) known as the KNDy subpopulation. This subpopulation is targeted by many steroid hormones and works to form a network that feeds back to GnRH pulse generator.
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  • 31 Oct 2022
Biography
Ilaria Capua
Ilaria Capua (Rome, April 21, 1966) is a virologist and former Italian politician, best known for her research on influenza viruses, particularly avian influenza, and her efforts promoting open access to genetic information on emerging viruses as part of pre-pandemic preparedness efforts. Dr. Capua is currently a full professor with Institute of Food and Agricultural Science (IFAS), and has a j
  • 1.2K
  • 21 Nov 2022
Biography
Gavin de Beer
Sir Gavin Rylands de Beer FRS[1] (1 November 1899 – 21 June 1972) was a British evolutionary embryologist, known for his work on heterochrony as recorded in his 1930 book Embryos and Ancestors. He was director of the Natural History Museum, London, president of the Linnean Society of London, and a winner of the Royal Society's Darwin Medal for his studies on evolution. Born on 1 November 18
  • 1.2K
  • 30 Nov 2022
Biography
Claude Rodier
Claude Rodier (born July 21, 1903 in Saint-Éloy-les-Mines, and died on November 11, 1944 in the concentration camp of Ravensbrück, Germany) was a physicist, and an officer in the Mouvements Unis de la Résistance (MUR), part of the French Resistance in Auvergne. Claude Rodier was born on July 21, 1903 in Saint-Éloy-les-Mines (Puy-de-Dôme) in a family of secular, republican teachers. Her
  • 1.2K
  • 05 Dec 2022
Biography
Ludwig Waldmann
Ludwig Waldmann (June 8, 1913 in Fürth – February 9, 1980) was a Germany physicist who specialized in transport phenomena in gases. He derived the Waldmann-Snider equation.[1] Waldmann completed his Ph.D.[2] under Arnold Sommerfeld at the University of Munich in 1938. He was Sommerfeld’s assistant, at the Institute of Theoretical Physics, from 1937 – 1939. Waldman had been the scribe[3
  • 1.2K
  • 15 Dec 2022
Biography
Michael Eisen
Michael Bruce Eisen (born April 13, 1967) is an American computational biologist and the editor-in-chief of the journal eLife[1]. He is a professor of genetics, genomics and development at University of California, Berkeley.[2][3][4][5][6] He is a leading advocate of open access scientific publishing and is co-founder of Public Library of Science (PLOS). In 2018, Eisen announced his intention to
  • 1.2K
  • 07 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Spilogale
The genus Spilogale includes all skunks commonly known as spotted skunks and is composed of four extant species: S. gracilis, S. putorius, S. pygmaea, and S. angustifrons.
  • 1.2K
  • 31 Oct 2022
Biography
George Thomas Beilby
"The Woman Engineer Vol 4". https://www2.theiet.org/resources/library/archives/research/wes/WES_Vol_4a.html.  Sir George Thomas Beilby FRS (17 November 1850 – 1 August 1924) was a British chemist. He was born in Edinburgh, the son of a doctor and educated at Edinburgh Academy and Edinburgh University. In 1869, he joined the Oakbank Oil Company to work in the oil shale industry where he and
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  • 24 Nov 2022
Topic Review
Nature’s Role in Outdoor Therapies
Outdoor therapies are intentional therapeutic processes that are (1) place-based, (2) feature active bodily engagement, and (3) recognize nature-human kinship. Significant variety exists in practice, from walk and talk therapy, to expedition-based wilderness therapy, to garden and animal-assisted therapies. These approaches have shown improvement across a wide range of social, emotional, physical, physiological, and psychological outcomes and populations.
  • 1.2K
  • 20 May 2021
Biography
John Reppy
John D. Reppy (born February 16, 1931) is a physicist who studies the quantum properties of superfluids at Cornell University. He is also a notable rock climber of long standing, who established a number of widely known climbing routes particularly in the northeastern United States. In the 1950s and 60s, Reppy was active on Ragged Mountain in Connecticut where he collaborated on many first as
  • 1.2K
  • 16 Dec 2022
Topic Review
Deep Sleep Therapy
Deep sleep therapy (DST), also called prolonged sleep treatment or continuous narcosis, is a discredited form of ostensibly psychiatric treatment in which drugs are used to keep patients unconscious for a period of days or weeks. The controversial practice led to the death of 25 patients in Chelmsford Private Hospital in New South Wales from the early 1960s to late 1970s.
  • 1.2K
  • 09 Nov 2022
Biography
Olaf Lechtenfeld
Olaf Lechtenfeld is a German mathematical physicist, academic and researcher. He is a full professor at the Institute of Theoretical Physics at Leibniz University, where he founded the Riemann Center for Geometry and Physics.[1] Lechtenfeld’s research is focused on string theory, gauge theory and integrable models. He has published over 200 research papers on mathematical physics, classical a
  • 1.2K
  • 30 Dec 2022
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