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Topic Review

Agricultural Investment and Food Security

The number of hungry people is on the rise and more efforts are needed to improve the global food security status. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) proposes more investment in the agricultural sector to boost production and alleviate hunger.

493
09 Jun 2023

Topic Review

Gender-Differentiated Poverty among Migrant Workers

Poverty describes a state in which humans lack access to those resources necessary for providing basic material needs. Poverty has a complex and dynamic nature. First, it exists pervasively yet contextually. Pervasively, the phenomenon of poverty exists in numerous countries, including both lower-income/higher-income and developing/developed countries. Regarding its diversification, poverty occurs in situ, alongside inequality, across population groups in different countries, regions, regimes, and societies.

490
26 May 2022

Topic Review Peer Reviewed

Re-Conceptualizing Vertical Subdivision Development for Sustainable, Affordable Housing Delivery

Research on sustainable, affordable housing is evolving. Yet, its conceptual efficacy in light of the changing needs of today’s cities and targeted low-to-middle-income households remains unknown. In today’s rapidly urbanizing world, understanding the conceptual relevance and importance of land use planning tools such as vertical subdivision to the delivery of sustainable housing is tenable. In response to this knowledge gap, this entry inquires, how can the delivery of affordable housing be configured in a manner that leverages the potential of a redefined vertical subdivision development to optimize densities and ensure that housing affordability is sustainable? Here, this entry re-defines vertical subdivision development as a housing planning and design tool that allows for the segregation of air spaces into individual volumetric land parcels that mimic the environmental features of the land-on-ground, such that housing construction within such volumetric spaces is a function of the contextually relevant needs of occupants. This entry demonstrates a paradigm shift from existing housing infrastructure planning models and narratives to one that responds to and addresses all three dimensions of sustainability: economic (sustainable affordability), environmental (sustainable densities), and social (occupant wellness) in the housing infrastructure planning and delivery process.

460
19 Mar 2025

Topic Review

Indonesia’s Energy Subsidy Policy

Energy subsidies, play a crucial role in ensuring accessible and affordable energy for all, aligning with state obligations and legal mandates. These subsidies are not only instruments of social welfare; they are also integral to achieving energy security, characterized by supply security, competitive energy markets, and environmental protection. The Indonesian Government’s substantial investment in energy subsidies, designed to assist poor and vulnerable households, ironically favors the wealthy and exacerbates inequality.

454
18 Jan 2024

Topic Review

Emotional Availability during the COVID-19 Pandemic

While the body of literature on COVID-19’s impacts on family life is rapidly expanding, most studies are based entirely on self-report data, leaving a critical gap in observational studies of parent–child interactions.

445
26 Jun 2023

Topic Review

The Effect of COVID-19 Transmission on Cryptocurrencies

Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies like Ethereum and Dogecoin have emerged as important asset classes in general, and diversification and hedging instruments in particular. The COVID-19 pandemic has provided the chance to examine and assess cryptocurrencies’ behavior during extremely stressful times.

416
08 Aug 2023

Topic Review

Uncommon Production of the World

The socio-spatiality of capitalist modernity is the embodiment of pressures to eliminate common, spatially adapted institutions in the name of an allegedly more rational world demarcated by the prospect of having everything private and predisposed to be exploited. The vital element of these pressures to legitimise economic inequalities to extract more and more value from labour and nature is the phenomenon of uncommoning. This article has several interconnected goals, especially, an interpretation of the meaning and practices of uncommoningmaking use of classical, contemporary, and decolonial academic and grey literature—and a critical reflection on the frontiers of the modern world, where uncommoning is clearly the key socio-spatial driving force underpinning a deceitful democracy and providing justification for the encroachment of private properties upon the commons. This focus on the commons facilitates and radicalises the comprehension of how societies and communities deal with the allocation, use, and preservation of cherished elements of their material and immaterial reality. It can be constructively reached from the perspective of Global South societies, indigenous nations in particular, with solid experiences and knowledge of the commons. They have the outstanding intellectual and moral authority, and the main job for most is to listen, learn, and act together.

172
23 Dec 2024

Topic Review

The Chicago Child-Parent program: Effective?

Early Childhood Education (ECE) interventions target young socioeconomically disadvantaged children and aim at improving their educational and life chances by offering compensational stimulation activities in education institutions and sometimes also at home. Three renowned programs are Perry Preschool, Abecedarian, and the Chicago Child-Parent Center (CPC). Though they date from at least 40 years ago, nowadays they are still often cited as proof that ECE programs are highly effective and that their effects can be generalized to similar current programs. This entry focuses on CPC, and makes comparisons with Perry and Abecedarian. The main questions are whether this program generates positive effects, and if it does, whether they can be generalized to similar programs today. To find an answer, a literature study was conducted. On the basis of hundreds of publications, it was concluded that CPC yielded many positive effects in the domains of education, work, well-being, health, and crime. At the same time, several limitations were found, which restricts their generalization.

91
01 Mar 2025

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