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Topic Review
The Role of Insect-Microbiota Associations in Vector Competence
Mosquitoes transmit pathogens that cause human diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, chikungunya, yellow fever, Zika fever, and filariasis. Biotechnological approaches using microorganisms have a significant potential to control mosquito populations and reduce their vector competence, making them alternatives to synthetic insecticides. Ongoing research has identified many microorganisms that can be used effectively to control mosquito populations and disease transmission. However, the successful implementation of these newly proposed approaches requires a thorough understanding of the multipronged microorganism–mosquito–pathogen–environment interactions. Although much has been achieved in discovering new entomopathogenic microorganisms, antipathogen compounds, and their mechanisms of action, only a few have been turned into viable products for mosquito control. There is a discrepancy between the number of microorganisms with the potential for the development of new insecticides and/or antipathogen products and the actual available products, highlighting the need for investments in the intersection of basic research and biotechnology.
  • 432
  • 08 Sep 2023
Topic Review
Production of Virus-Like Particles
Virus-like particles based on retroviruses could be a potential envelope for safe and efficient drug formulations. Human endogenous retroviruses would make it possible to overcome the host immune response and deliver drugs to the desired target. PEG10 is a promising candidate that can bind to mRNA because it is secreted like an enveloped virus-like extracellular vesicle. PEG10 is a retrotransposon-derived gene that has been domesticated. 
  • 429
  • 04 Mar 2024
Topic Review
Utilization Methods for Lignocellulosic Biomass
Utilization of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) for bioenergy production has been widely investigated in the previous decades, as it provides an excellent environmentally friendly alternative to non-renewable energy sources. There are numerous procedures to convert plant-based biomass into usable feedstock or valuable energy carriers, such as C5 and C6 sugars, organic acids, or more commonly, bioethanol and biogas. 
  • 420
  • 23 Oct 2023
Topic Review
Factors Required for the Biosynthesis of Glycosphingolipids
As integral components of the cell membrane, glycosphingolipids (GSLs) consist of a glycosidically bound carbohydrate moiety and a lipid moiety known as ceramide. 
  • 395
  • 11 Aug 2023
Topic Review
WormCNN
WormCNN is a specialized deep learning model designed for the analysis of images of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). This model utilizes convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture to classify and analyze the morphological features of C. elegans, providing valuable insights into various biological studies. 
  • 363
  • 31 Oct 2024
Topic Review
Bioactive Antimicrobial Peptides from Food Proteins
Bioactive peptides (BAPs) derived from food proteins have been extensively studied for their health benefits, majorly exploring their potential use as nutraceuticals and functional food components. These peptides possess a range of beneficial properties, including antihypertensive, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antibacterial activities, and are naturally present within dietary protein sequences. To release food-grade antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), enzymatic protein hydrolysis or microbial fermentation, such as with lactic acid bacteria (LAB), can be employed. The activity of AMPs is influenced by various structural characteristics, including the amino acid composition, three-dimensional conformation, liquid charge, putative domains, and resulting hydrophobicity. BAPs can regulate gut microbiota by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria or by directly inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms. LAB-promoted hydrolysis of dietary proteins occurs naturally in both the matrix and the gastrointestinal tract. However, several obstacles must be overcome before BAPs can replace antimicrobials in food production. These include the high manufacturing costs of current technologies, limited in vivo and matrix data, and the difficulties associated with standardization and commercial-scale production.
  • 331
  • 06 Mar 2025
Topic Review
Unveiling SARS-CoV-2 N501Y Mutation Mystery
The study provides a detailed computational analysis of the N501Y mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its structural implications. Key findings include: N501Y leads to significant structural shifts, especially in the RBD domain. The mutation enhances binding affinity to ACE2, making the virus potentially more transmissible. It causes secondary structure destabilization, especially in stable regions like α-helices. Hydrogen bond dynamics were significantly altered, with stronger interactions between the spike protein and ACE2, especially in the RBD domain. The N501Y mutation increases binding affinity, as evidenced by a shift in binding energy. These insights could be important for understanding the biological behavior of SARS-CoV-2 variants and designing therapeutics and vaccines that account for these structural alterations.
  • 295
  • 17 Feb 2025
Topic Review
Improved Algorithm for Indels Detection
The article "TMO: Time and Memory Optimized Algorithm Applicable for More Accurate Alignment of Trinucleotide Repeat Disorders Associated Genes" introduces a novel algorithm designed to enhance the detection of insertion/deletions (indels) in genes associated with trinucleotide repeat disorders, such as Huntington's disease.
  • 283
  • 03 Mar 2025
Topic Review
Debugging the Center-of-mass Distance Method
The paper "On the in silico application of the center-of-mass distance method", introduces a protocol for utilizing the center-of-mass (CoM) distance method within GROMACS molecular dynamics (MD) simulation software. This method is valuable for assessing changes in binding affinity in heterodimeric proteins resulting from modifications in one of the monomer units. The study hypothesizes that an increase in binding affinity correlates with a reduction in the relative CoM distance between monomers, while a decrease in binding affinity corresponds to an increase in this distance. A key finding of the research is that CoM distance analysis should be conducted during the convergent phase of the system's dynamics, once the monomers have adopted a stable conformation—a factor that is often overlooked in similar studies. The method was applied to investigate the impact of the K417Y mutation in the SARS-CoV-2 surface glycoprotein (S-protein).
  • 272
  • 03 Mar 2025
Topic Review
Phylogeny of SARS-CoV-2 and Novel Distance Function
The aim of the study titled Phylogenicity of B.1.1.7 Surface Glycoprotein, Novel Distance Function, and First Report of V90T Missense Mutation in SARS-CoV-2 Surface Glycoprotein was to address several key aspects of the evolutionary characteristics and genetic makeup of the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 variant, particularly its spike glycoprotein (S-protein).
  • 239
  • 17 Feb 2025
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