Climate neutrality refers to a state in which human activities produce no net effect on the climate system, achieved by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and balancing residual emissions with anthropogenic removals while accounting for relevant regional or local biogeophysical effects ^[1][2]. In climate policy and economics, it functions as a long-term objective for transforming production, consumption, energy systems, and land use through mitigation, technological change, investment, and institutional measures ^[2][3]. Its assessment requires defining the entity and emissions covered, the time period, the greenhouse gases included, and the metrics used to compare them ^[1][3]. Climate neutrality is broader than carbon neutrality, which concerns carbon dioxide, and is not necessarily equivalent to a narrowly defined net-zero emissions target, particularly when accounting boundaries and climate-system effects differ ^[1][3].