Guard dog behaviour is the behaviour of dogs maintained to protect livestock, property or people, and in its livestock-guarding form it is organised around attendance on the herd: guardian dogs spend a high proportion of their time accompanying the livestock they are kept to guard and confront predators that approach closely, vocalising and moving away from the stock to challenge incursions [1]. Whether protection also depends on defence of a territory enclosing the stock, rather than repulsion at close range, remains contested [1][2]. The bond between dog and guarded animals is not automatic, and attendance, hence protection, varies with the strength of that bond [3].