| Version | Summary | Created by | Modification | Content Size | Created at | Operation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jack Zhong | -- | 169 | 2026-10-20 08:42:48 | | | |
| 2 | Jack Zhong | -8 word(s) | 161 | 2026-10-20 08:44:00 | | |
Polymer-matrix composites are materials in which a continuous polymer phase binds and protects a load-bearing reinforcement, usually a fibre or a platelet. The matrix transfers load to the reinforcement through the interface, so the composite stiffness can be predicted from the fibre volume fraction while the strength depends on the interfacial shear strength [1]. Glass fibre dominates by volume because of its cost, and carbon fibre dominates where specific stiffness and fatigue resistance matter more [2]. Continuous-fibre laminates are laid up in a chosen sequence, and the ply angles determine whether the laminate is quasi-isotropic or strongly directional [3]. Short-fibre and particulate composites are easier to mould but give a lower and more variable reinforcement, because the fibre length in the part is set by the processing [4]. The main limitations are the low interlaminar strength, the difficulty of repairing or recycling a thermoset matrix, and the sensitivity of the properties to voids [5].