Land preparation implements are agricultural tools and machines designed to modify soil conditions before planting or sowing, creating a suitable seedbed and preparing the field for crop establishment. They include primary tillage implements, such as mouldboard ploughs, disc ploughs, chisel ploughs, and subsoilers, which cut, loosen, invert, or fracture the soil, as well as secondary tillage implements, such as harrows and cultivators, which break down soil clods, manage surface residues, and refine the seedbed ^[1][2]. Other implements, including ridgers, bed-formers, and land-levelling equipment, shape the field surface or planting zone to meet crop-specific and water-management requirements ^[1]. The type of implement used depends on soil properties, field conditions, crop requirements, available power sources, and the tillage system. Conventional tillage may involve soil inversion and repeated cultivation, whereas reduced-tillage and conservation-tillage systems use implements that limit soil disturbance and may retain more crop residues at the surface ^[2][3]. Land preparation implements are distinguished from planting and seeding equipment, which place seeds or planting materials in the soil, and from harvesting implements, which collect mature crops. The category is defined by the implements’ principal function in preparing soil and field conditions for crop establishment.