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Enzyme Repression
EditEnzyme repression is a regulated reduction in enzyme synthesis through decreased expression of the corresponding gene. In bacterial carbon catabolite repression, preferred carbon sources suppress production of systems that metabolize secondary substrates [1]. Nutrient-sensing pathways in yeast likewise connect the cellular metabolic state to expression of enzymes involved in substrate utilization [2]. Repression can act through DNA-binding regulators, RNA-binding proteins, or other components controlling transcription and translation. These regulatory mechanisms coordinate production of transporters and metabolic enzymes within a substrate-utilization pathway [3]. Nitrogen catabolite regulation similarly adjusts expression of degradative pathways according to the available nitrogen sources. Reduced transcript production or translation lowers the supply of new enzyme, while turnover and dilution of existing protein determine how enzyme abundance subsequently changes [4].
References
- Boris Görke; Jörg Stülke; Carbon Catabolite Repression in Bacteria: Many Ways to Make the Most out of Nutrients. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2008, 6, 613-624. [CrossRef]
- Michaela Conrad; Joep Schothorst; Harish Nag Kankipati; Griet Van Zeebroeck; Marta Rubio-Texeira; Johan M. Thevelein; Nutrient Sensing and Signaling in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 2014, 38, 254-299. [CrossRef]
- Fernando Rojo; Carbon Catabolite Repression in Pseudomonas: Optimizing Metabolic Versatility and Interactions with the Environment. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 2010, 34, 658-684. [CrossRef]
- Eelko G. ter Schure; Natal A.W. van Riel; C. Theo Verrips; The Role of Ammonia Metabolism in Nitrogen Catabolite Repression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 2000, 24, 67-83. [CrossRef]
