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Agricultural commodity markets refer to market systems in which agricultural products and primary commodities are exchanged among producers, traders, processors, retailers, and consumers through mechanisms of price formation, trade, and resource allocation. These markets include transactions involving crops, livestock products, and other agricultural commodities, with prices determined through interactions among supply and demand conditions, production costs, market information, inventories, trade flows, and institutional factors ^[1]. Agricultural commodity markets are characterized by distinctive features arising from the biological nature of agricultural production, including seasonal supply patterns, production uncertainty, perishability, and spatial separation between production and consumption locations ^[2]. Unlike general commodity markets, agricultural commodity markets involve commodities closely linked to food systems and agricultural production processes, where price signals influence production decisions, market integration, and resource allocation across agricultural sectors ^[3]. This market structure encompasses both physical markets and organized trading mechanisms, including spot and futures markets, through which agricultural commodity prices are discovered and transmitted across different market levels ^[4].