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Lidar remote sensing is an active remote sensing technique that uses laser pulses to measure the distance and interaction of a sensor with targets or the intervening atmosphere, producing information about the three-dimensional structure and physical characteristics of the observed environment ^[1][2]. A lidar system emits laser energy and detects the returned signal after it interacts with surfaces, vegetation, atmospheric particles, or other targets. The travel time and characteristics of the returned signal can be used to determine range and to derive information about target structure and properties ^[1][3]. Lidar remote sensing can be conducted from ground-based, airborne, and spaceborne platforms, allowing observations at different spatial scales and for different environmental targets ^[1]. Lidar measurements can produce three-dimensional point-based representations of the observed environment and can also provide information contained in return intensity, waveform, or repeated observations through time ^[4]. Depending on the system and measurement configuration, lidar remote sensing can be used to characterize terrain, vegetation structure, atmospheric constituents, water and other environmental features. Airborne lidar, in particular, is widely used to obtain high-density three-dimensional measurements of the Earth’s surface and to derive digital terrain and surface models ^[3][5].