Maternal education is the level of formal schooling completed by a mother, usually classified by years of schooling or highest educational qualification attained ^[1]. In demographic, education, and public-health research, it is used as a core social indicator because it is strongly associated with household decision-making, health knowledge, care-seeking behavior, and children’s educational and developmental conditions ^[2][3]. Maternal education is typically operationalized through standardized categories (for example, no schooling, primary, secondary, and higher) to support comparison across populations and time ^[1]. As a concept, it refers specifically to mothers’ educational attainment, not to prenatal or parenting classes, and is commonly analyzed as a structural factor linked to intergenerational opportunity and wellbeing ^[2][3].